Paper · 2019 · Journal of Agricultural Science

Row Arrangements of Maize and Soybean Intercrop on Silage Quality and Grain Yield

Vanderson Vieira Batista; Paulo Fernando Adami; Pedro Valério Dutra de Moraes; et al.

10
claims
18
verbatim quotes
17
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The success of maize + soybean intercrop depends on the plant arrangement. An experiment was carried out to evaluate different row arrangements on intercrop forage yield, silage quality and maize grain yield in relation to maize as a sole crop. The experiment was set up with a randomized complete block design with eight row arrangements between maize and Soybean. Maize biomass yield among crop arrangements were similar, although, lower than the maize sole crop. On the other hand, these treatments showed higher soybean biomass yield, which in turn increased silage crude protein and crude protein yield per unit area. Maize thousand grain weight, grain yield per plant and per area was affected by the intercrop arrangements. The use of two corn rows + two soybean rows (2M+2S-30 cm) and four corn rows + four soybean rows (4M+4S-30 cm) showed higher crude protein yield per area associated with similar maize grain yield in relation to the sole maize crop. In conclusion, alternating four maize rows with four soybean rows was the optimum row ratio in maize + soybean intercrop, though this needs to be further confirmed by more trials.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize biomass yield in the intercrop arrangements was lower than in the maize sole crop.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
crop arrangementse0
Outcome
Maize biomass yielde0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
maize sole crope0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Maize biomass yield among crop arrangements were similar, although, lower than the maize sole crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 366–464 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–25 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize biomass yield was similar among the intercrop row arrangements.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Outcome
Maize biomass yielde0
Direction
similare0
Qualifier
among crop arrangementse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Maize biomass yield among crop arrangements were similar, although, lower than the maize sole crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 366–464 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–25 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The intercrop arrangements showed higher soybean biomass yield.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Outcome
soybean biomass yielde0
Direction
highere0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“these treatments showed higher soybean biomass yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 485–537 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 30–37 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The higher soybean biomass in turn increased silage crude protein and crude protein yield per unit area.

Taxon
Maize and SoybeanGlycine maxZea mayst0
Outcome
silage crude protein and crude protein yield per unit areae0
Direction
increasede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“which in turn increased silage crude protein and crude protein yield per unit area”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 539–621 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize and Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–37 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize thousand grain weight, grain yield per plant and grain yield per area were affected by the intercrop arrangements.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayse0
Treatment
intercrop arrangementse0
Outcome
thousand grain weight, grain yield per plant and per areae0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Maize thousand grain weight, grain yield per plant and per area was affected by the intercrop arrangements”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 623–729 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 2M+2S-30 cm arrangement (two corn rows + two soybean rows) showed higher crude protein yield per area than the sole maize crop.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
two corn rows + two soybean rows (2M+2S-30 cm)e0
Outcome
crude protein yield per areae0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
sole maize crope0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The use of two corn rows + two soybean rows (2M+2S-30 cm) and four corn rows + four soybean rows (4M+4S-30 cm) showed higher crude protein yield per area associated with similar maize grain yield in relation to the sole maize crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 731–961 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–25 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 4M+4S-30 cm arrangement (four corn rows + four soybean rows) showed higher crude protein yield per area than the sole maize crop.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
four corn rows + four soybean rows (4M+4S-30 cm)e0
Outcome
crude protein yield per areae0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
sole maize crope0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The use of two corn rows + two soybean rows (2M+2S-30 cm) and four corn rows + four soybean rows (4M+4S-30 cm) showed higher crude protein yield per area associated with similar maize grain yield in relation to the sole maize crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 731–961 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–25 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 2M+2S-30 cm arrangement gave maize grain yield similar to the sole maize crop.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
two corn rows + two soybean rows (2M+2S-30 cm)e0
Outcome
maize grain yielde0
Direction
similare0
Comparator
sole maize crope0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The use of two corn rows + two soybean rows (2M+2S-30 cm) and four corn rows + four soybean rows (4M+4S-30 cm) showed higher crude protein yield per area associated with similar maize grain yield in relation to the sole maize crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 731–961 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–25 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 4M+4S-30 cm arrangement gave maize grain yield similar to the sole maize crop.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
four corn rows + four soybean rows (4M+4S-30 cm)e0
Outcome
maize grain yielde0
Direction
similare0
Comparator
sole maize crope0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The use of two corn rows + two soybean rows (2M+2S-30 cm) and four corn rows + four soybean rows (4M+4S-30 cm) showed higher crude protein yield per area associated with similar maize grain yield in relation to the sole maize crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 731–961 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–25 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Alternating four maize rows with four soybean rows was the optimum row ratio in maize + soybean intercrop, pending confirmation by more trials.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Outcome
optimum row ratioe0
Qualifier
needs to be further confirmed by more trialse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“alternating four maize rows with four soybean rows was the optimum row ratio in maize + soybean intercrop, though this needs to be further confirmed by more trials”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 978–1141 · show in text ↑

Zea mays subsp. mays · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

292 papers: 196 positive, 96 negative or no effect

95 papers in the same direction as this paper · 196 reporting no difference from an alternative

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Glycine max · quality: protein · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 6 positive, 1 negative or no effect

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Glycine max · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

180 papers: 155 positive, 25 negative or no effect

24 papers in the same direction as this paper · 155 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
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Zea mays subsp. mays · quality: protein · Zea mays (maize)Results agree

14 papers: 14 positive, 0 negative or no effect

13 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
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  3. positive

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.