Abstract
Agricultural mechanization and open livestock grazing contribute to soil compaction and consequently on crop productivity. This study used a greenhouse experiment to identify the effects of soil compaction on the growth, productivity and nutrient uptake of maize plant seedlings grown at three bulk density (1.17, 1.37, and 1.45 g cm-3) and three water contents (0.12, 0.18, and 0.30 g/g soil). Shoot elongation and leaf area decreased significantly by 27.1 and 67.8% respectively at high compaction (P<0.05). Fresh and dry root mass also decreased significantly at high compaction by 39.1 and 37.8% respectively. Increase in soil compaction also reduced the grain yield by 18.8%. The adverse soil conditions created by increasing soil compaction accounted for the reduction in nutrient uptake. Increase in penetration resistance of the soil reduced the plants ability to absorb nitrogen (13.5%), potassium (51.4%), magnesium (50.4%) and sodium (51.5%) whereas the concentration of calcium and phosphorous were higher when soil resistance varied between 3 and 4 MPa. The relationship between root production, shoot elongation, root biomass and soil strength shows that increase in soil strength/compaction was detrimental to maize production. High soil compaction negatively influenced plant ability to absorb minerals from the soil thus decreased the yield performance.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
High compaction reduced shoot elongation by 27.1%.
- Taxon
- Zea Mays L.t0
- Treatment
- high compactione0
- Outcome
- Shoot elongatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 27.1e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Shoot elongation and leaf area decreased significantly by 27.1 and 67.8% respectively at high compaction (P<0.05).”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
High compaction reduced leaf area by 67.8%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Shoot elongation and leaf area decreased significantly by 27.1 and 67.8% respectively at high compaction (P<0.05).”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
High compaction reduced fresh root mass by 39.1%.
- Taxon
- Zea Mays L.t0
- Treatment
- high compactione0
- Outcome
- Fresh and dry root masse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 39.1e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fresh and dry root mass also decreased significantly at high compaction by 39.1 and 37.8% respectively.”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
High compaction reduced dry root mass by 37.8%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fresh and dry root mass also decreased significantly at high compaction by 39.1 and 37.8% respectively.”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Compaction reduced grain yield by 18.8%.
- Taxon
- Zea Mays L.t0
- Treatment
- Increase in soil compactione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 18.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Increase in soil compaction also reduced the grain yield by 18.8%.”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil resistance reduced nitrogen absorption by 13.5%.
Verbatim
e0“Increase in penetration resistance of the soil reduced the plants ability to absorb nitrogen (13.5%), potassium (51.4%), magnesium (50.4%) and sodium (51.5%)”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil resistance reduced potassium absorption by 51.4%.
Verbatim
e0“Increase in penetration resistance of the soil reduced the plants ability to absorb nitrogen (13.5%), potassium (51.4%), magnesium (50.4%) and sodium (51.5%)”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil resistance reduced magnesium absorption by 50.4%.
Verbatim
e0“Increase in penetration resistance of the soil reduced the plants ability to absorb nitrogen (13.5%), potassium (51.4%), magnesium (50.4%) and sodium (51.5%)”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil resistance reduced sodium absorption by 51.5%.
Verbatim
e0“Increase in penetration resistance of the soil reduced the plants ability to absorb nitrogen (13.5%), potassium (51.4%), magnesium (50.4%) and sodium (51.5%)”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium concentration was higher at soil resistance of 3 to 4 MPa.
Verbatim
e0“the concentration of calcium and phosphorous were higher when soil resistance varied between 3 and 4 MPa.”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorous concentration was higher at soil resistance of 3 to 4 MPa.
Verbatim
e0“the concentration of calcium and phosphorous were higher when soil resistance varied between 3 and 4 MPa.”
t0“Zea Mays L.”
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