Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens Stål, Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is one of the most devastating insect pests of the crucially important cereal crop, rice (Oryza sativa L.). Currently, multiple BPH-resistant rice varieties have been cultivated and generalized to control BPH. However, the defence metabolic responses and their modes of action against BPH in different rice cultivars remain uncharacterized. OBJECTIVE: We used a non-biased metabolomics approach to explore the differences in metabolite profiles in response to BPH infestation in the susceptible TN1 rice cultivar and two resistant cultivars (IR36 and IR56). METHODS: The metabolomic detection based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed to investigate the content changes of identified metabolites in TN1, IR36 and IR56 rice varieties at various time points (0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 96 h) post BPH feeding. The differentially expressed metabolites were screened and the corresponding metabolic pathways were further enriched. RESULTS: The results showed that compared to that in TN1, the content changes of most primary metabolites were more stable, but the concentration alterations of some defence-related metabolites were more acute and persistent in IR36 and IR56. Furthermore, the differentially expressed pathways analysis revealed that cyanoamino acids and lipids metabolism was persistently induced in IR36, but changes in thiamine, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism were more significant in IR56 during BPH infestation. Besides, the contents of quercetin and spermidine which were harmful to BPH fitness, were significantly elevated by BPH in TN1 and IR36, and the quercetin level was significantly decreased during BPH feeding in IR56. CONCLUSION: The results of the differences in metabolite profiles in response to BPH infestation in different rice cultivars were useful to clarify the metabolic mechanism of rice plants during BPH infestation and to provide new resources to control this insect pest.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Primary metabolite contents were more stable in IR36 and IR56 than TN1.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- IR36 and IR56e0
- Interactor
- BPHe0pest
- Outcome
- content changes of most primary metabolitese0
- Direction
- more stablee0
- Comparator
- TN1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared to that in TN1, the content changes of most primary metabolites were more stable, but the concentration alterations of some defence-related metabolites were more acute and persistent in IR36 and IR56. Furthermore, the differentially expressed pathways analysis revealed that cyanoamino acids and lipids metabolism was persistently induced in IR36, but changes in thiamine, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism were more significant in IR56 during BPH infestation.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Defense metabolite changes were more acute and persistent in IR36 and IR56 than TN1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IR36 and IR56e0
- Outcome
- concentration alterations of some defence-related metabolitese0
- Direction
- more acute and persistente0
- Comparator
- TN1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared to that in TN1, the content changes of most primary metabolites were more stable, but the concentration alterations of some defence-related metabolites were more acute and persistent in IR36 and IR56.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanoamino acid and lipid metabolism was persistently induced in IR36.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IR36e0
- Outcome
- cyanoamino acids and lipids metabolisme0
- Direction
- inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cyanoamino acids and lipids metabolism was persistently induced in IR36”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamine, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism changes were more significant in IR56.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IR56e0
- Interactor
- BPHe0pest
- Outcome
- changes in thiamine, taurine and hypotaurine metabolisme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“changes in thiamine, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism were more significant in IR56 during BPH infestation.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
BPH significantly elevated quercetin and spermidine contents in TN1 and IR36.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- TN1 and IR36e0
- Treatment
- BPHe0
- Interactor
- BPHe0pest
- Outcome
- contents of quercetin and spermidinee0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of quercetin and spermidine which were harmful to BPH fitness, were significantly elevated by BPH in TN1 and IR36”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
BPH feeding significantly decreased quercetin in IR56.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IR56e0
- Treatment
- BPH feedinge0
- Interactor
- BPHe0pest
- Outcome
- quercetin levele0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the quercetin level was significantly decreased during BPH feeding in IR56.”
t0“rice”
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infection · molecular: metabolites · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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