Abstract
Stomata are the primary gatekeepers for CO2 uptake for photosynthesis and water loss via transpiration and therefore play a central role in crop performance. Although stomatal conductance (gs) and assimilation rate (A) are often highly correlated, studies have demonstrated an uncoupling between A and gs that can result in sub-optimal physiological processes in dynamic light environments. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is exposed to changes in irradiance due to leaf self-shading, moving clouds and shifting sun angle to which both A and gs respond. However, stomatal responses are generally an order of magnitude slower than photosynthetic responses, leading to non-synchronized A and gs responses that impact CO2 uptake and water use efficiency (iWUE). Here we phenotyped a panel of eight wheat cultivars (estimated to capture 80% of the single nucleotide polymorphism variation in North-West European bread wheat) for differences in the speed of stomatal responses (to changes in light intensity) and photosynthetic performance at different stages of development. The impact of water stress and elevated [CO2] on stomatal kinetics was also examined in a selected cultivar. Significant genotypic variation was reported for the time constant for stomatal opening (Ki, P=0.038) and the time to reach 95% steady state A (P=0.045). Slow gs opening responses limited A by ~10% and slow closure reduced iWUE, with these impacts found to be greatest in cultivars Soissons, Alchemy and Xi19. A decrease in stomatal rapidity (and thus an increase in the limitation of photosynthesis) (P<0.001) was found during the post-anthesis stage compared to the early booting stage. Reduced water availability triggered stomatal closure and asymmetric stomatal opening and closing responses, while elevated atmospheric [CO2] conditions reduced the time for stomatal opening during a low to high light transition, thus suggesting a major environmental effect on dynamic stomatal kinetics. We discuss these findings in terms of exploiting various traits to develop idiotypes for specific environments, and suggest that intraspecific variation in the rapidity of stomatal responses could provide a potential unexploited breeding target to optimize the physiological responses of wheat to dynamic field conditions.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat cultivars varied significantly in time constant for stomatal opening.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- time constant for stomatal openinge0
- Direction
- variatione0
- Value
- P=0.038e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant genotypic variation was reported for the time constant for stomatal opening (Ki, P=0.038)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat cultivars varied significantly in time to 95% steady state assimilation.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- time to reach 95% steady state Ae0
- Direction
- variatione1
- Value
- P=0.045e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the time to reach 95% steady state A (P=0.045)”
e1“Significant genotypic variation was reported”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow stomatal opening limited assimilation by about 10%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Ae0
- Direction
- limitede0
- Value
- ~10%e0
- Qualifier
- Slow gs opening responsese0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slow gs opening responses limited A by ~10%”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow stomatal closure reduced intrinsic water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- iWUEe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- slow closuree0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“slow closure reduced iWUE”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The impacts of slow stomatal responses were greatest in Soissons.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Soissonse0
- Outcome
- impactse0
- Direction
- greateste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these impacts found to be greatest in cultivars Soissons, Alchemy and Xi19”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The impacts of slow stomatal responses were greatest in Alchemy.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Alchemye0
- Outcome
- impactse0
- Direction
- greateste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these impacts found to be greatest in cultivars Soissons, Alchemy and Xi19”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The impacts of slow stomatal responses were greatest in Xi19.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Xi19e0
- Outcome
- impactse0
- Direction
- greateste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these impacts found to be greatest in cultivars Soissons, Alchemy and Xi19”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal rapidity decreased after anthesis relative to early booting.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- post-anthesis stagee0
- Outcome
- stomatal rapiditye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- early booting stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A decrease in stomatal rapidity (and thus an increase in the limitation of photosynthesis) (P<0.001) was found during the post-anthesis stage compared to the early booting stage”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic limitation increased after anthesis relative to early booting.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- limitation of photosynthesise0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- early booting stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in the limitation of photosynthesis) (P<0.001) was found during the post-anthesis stage compared to the early booting stage”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced water availability triggered stomatal closure.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Reduced water availabilitye0
- Outcome
- stomatal closuree0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduced water availability triggered stomatal closure”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced water availability triggered asymmetric stomatal opening and closing responses.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Reduced water availabilitye0
- Outcome
- asymmetric stomatal opening and closing responsese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduced water availability triggered stomatal closure and asymmetric stomatal opening and closing responses”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide shortened stomatal opening time during a low to high light transition.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- elevated atmospheric [CO2] conditionse0
- Outcome
- time for stomatal openinge0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- during a low to high light transitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elevated atmospheric [CO2] conditions reduced the time for stomatal opening during a low to high light transition”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest stomatal response rapidity as a potential wheat breeding target.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- potential unexploited breeding targete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intraspecific variation in the rapidity of stomatal responses could provide a potential unexploited breeding target to optimize the physiological responses of wheat to dynamic field conditions”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · physiology: gas exchange · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
24 papers more in this group
See all 28 papers →soil water · physiology: gas exchange · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.