Abstract
Core Ideas This is the first report of carinata dry matter accumulation and allocation responses to nitrogen. Carinata growth, resource allocation, seed, and straw nitrogen concentration and uptake are highly responsive to nitrogen application in North Florida. Dry matter accumulation increases with nitrogen rate; however, the allocation of dry matter to roots, leaves, stems, flower/pods and seeds are similar regardless of nitrogen rate. Maximum nitrogen uptake occurred between 50% bolting and 50% flowering while all other elements had maximum uptake later in the season between 50% flowering and pod formation. Total nitrogen uptake exceeded applied N by 11 to 160%, suggesting that carinata is highly efficient at scavenging and utilizing residual soil nitrogen. Adequate nitrogen is required (93 kg N ha −1 ) for optimizing carinata productivity in sandy loam soils in North Florida. Brassica carinata is grown as a winter crop in the Southeast United States and it is a non‐edible oilseed feedstock for ‘drop‐in’ aviation and transportation fuels. The objective of this 2‐yr study was to determine the effects of N application on dry matter (DM) production and the accumulation of nutrients in above‐ and belowground biomass. Carinata var. 110994EM was treated with four N rates (0, 45, 90, and 135 kg N ha −1 ) in 2014 and 2015 at Quincy, Florida. Above‐ and belowground biomass were collected and analyzed for macro‐ and micronutrients. The allocation of DM among root, leaves, stems, flowers/pods, and seed did not differ with N rate. Carinata was highly responsive to N with maximum yield (2798 kg ha −1 ) produced at 102.3 kg N ha −1 , while the economic optimum N rate occurred at 93 kg N ha −1 . Maximum N uptake occurred between 50% bolting and 50% flowering while all other elements had maximum uptake between 50% flowering and pod formation. Nitrogen concentration in seed and straw increased with N rate. These results were attributed to the strong relationship between uptake and dry matter production. Total N uptake exceeded applied N by 11 to 160%, suggesting that carinata is highly efficient at scavenging and utilizing residual soil N. The identification of growth stages associated with maximum nutrient uptake may aid in aligning time of N application to critical growth stages corresponding to maximum N uptake.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter accumulation increased with nitrogen rate.
- Taxon
- Carinata
Brassica carinatat0 - Treatment
- nitrogen ratee0
- Outcome
- Dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter accumulation increases with nitrogen rate”
t0“Carinata”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter allocation among organs did not differ with nitrogen rate.
- Taxon
- CarinataBrassica carinatat0
- Treatment
- N ratee0
- Outcome
- allocation of DMe0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Comparator
- N ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The allocation of DM among root, leaves, stems, flowers/pods, and seed did not differ with N rate.”
t0“Carinata”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum nitrogen uptake occurred between 50% bolting and 50% flowering.
- Taxon
- CarinataBrassica carinatat0
- Organ / stage
- 50% bolting and 50% floweringe0
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Direction
- Maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum N uptake occurred between 50% bolting and 50% flowering”
t0“Carinata”
Claim · model-written summary
Other elements reached maximum uptake between 50% flowering and pod formation.
- Taxon
- CarinataBrassica carinatat0
- Organ / stage
- 50% flowering and pod formatione0
- Outcome
- uptakee0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all other elements had maximum uptake between 50% flowering and pod formation.”
t0“Carinata”
Claim · model-written summary
Total nitrogen uptake exceeded applied nitrogen by 11 to 160%.
- Taxon
- CarinataBrassica carinatat0
- Outcome
- Total N uptakee0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 11 to 160%e0
- Comparator
- applied Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total N uptake exceeded applied N by 11 to 160%”
t0“Carinata”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum yield was 2798 kg ha −1 at 102.3 kg N ha −1.
- Taxon
- CarinataBrassica carinatat0
- Treatment
- 102.3 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 2798 kg ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum yield (2798 kg ha −1 ) produced at 102.3 kg N ha −1”
t0“Carinata”
Claim · model-written summary
The economic optimum nitrogen rate was 93 kg N ha −1.
- Taxon
- CarinataBrassica carinatat0
- Outcome
- economic optimum N ratee0
- Value
- 93 kg N ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the economic optimum N rate occurred at 93 kg N ha −1”
t0“Carinata”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed nitrogen concentration increased with nitrogen rate.
- Taxon
- CarinataBrassica carinatat0
- Treatment
- N ratee0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen concentration in seede0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen concentration in seed and straw increased with N rate.”
t0“Carinata”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw nitrogen concentration increased with nitrogen rate.
- Taxon
- CarinataBrassica carinatat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Treatment
- N ratee0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen concentration in seed and straw increased with N rate.”
t0“Carinata”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute the results to the relation between nutrient uptake and dry matter production.
- Taxon
- CarinataBrassica carinatat0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Qualifier
- strong relationship between uptake and dry matter productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results were attributed to the strong relationship between uptake and dry matter production.”
t0“Carinata”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that carinata efficiently scavenges residual soil nitrogen.
- Taxon
- carinataBrassica carinatae0
- Outcome
- scavenging and utilizing residual soil Ne0
- Qualifier
- highly efficiente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“carinata is highly efficient at scavenging and utilizing residual soil N.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest timing nitrogen application to stages of maximum nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- CarinataBrassica carinatat0
- Outcome
- aligning time of N application to critical growth stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The identification of growth stages associated with maximum nutrient uptake may aid in aligning time of N application to critical growth stages corresponding to maximum N uptake.”
t0“Carinata”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · growth · Brassica carinata (Ethiopian mustard)Positive and negative results
5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.