Abstract
Ustilaginoidea virens, the causal agent of rice false smut, has become one of the most devastating rice pathogens worldwide. As a group of essential virulence factors, the effectors in the filamentous fungus might play central roles in the interaction between plants and pathogens. However, little is known about the roles of individual effectors in U. virens virulence. In this study, we identified and characterized a small secreted cysteine-rich effector, SCRE2, in U. virens. SCRE2 was first confirmed as an effector through yeast secretion, protein localization and translocation assays, as well as its expression pattern during U. virens infection. Transient expression of SCRE2 in Nicotiana benthamiana suppressed necrosis-like defense symptoms triggered by the mammalian BAX and oomycete elicitin INF1 proteins. The ability of SCRE2 to inhibit immunity-associated responses in N. benthamiana, including elicitor-triggered cell death and oxidative burst, is further defined to a small peptide region SCRE268-85 through expressing a series of truncated proteins. Convincingly, ectopic expression of SCRE2 in the transgenic rice cells significantly inhibited pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity including flg22- and chitin-induced defense gene expression and oxidative burst. Furthermore, the scre2 knockout mutant generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system greatly attenuated in U. virens virulence to rice. Collectively, this study indicates that the effector SCRE2 is able to inhibit plant immunity and is required for full virulence of U. virens.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
SCRE2 was confirmed as an effector in U. virens.
- Taxon
- U. virens
Ustilaginoidea virense0 - Gene
- SCRE2e0
- Outcome
- confirmed as an effectore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SCRE2 was first confirmed as an effector through yeast secretion, protein localization and translocation assays, as well as its expression pattern during U. virens infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient SCRE2 expression suppressed necrosis-like defense symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- Transient expression of SCRE2e0
- Interactor
- oomycetee0pathogen
- Gene
- SCRE2e0
- Outcome
- necrosis-like defense symptomse0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of SCRE2 in Nicotiana benthamiana suppressed necrosis-like defense symptoms triggered by the mammalian BAX and oomycete elicitin INF1 proteins”
Claim · model-written summary
The SCRE268-85 peptide region inhibited elicitor-triggered cell death and oxidative burst in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- expressing a series of truncated proteinse0
- Gene
- SCRE268-85e0
- Outcome
- elicitor-triggered cell death and oxidative burste0
- Direction
- inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ability of SCRE2 to inhibit immunity-associated responses in N. benthamiana, including elicitor-triggered cell death and oxidative burst, is further defined to a small peptide region SCRE268-85 through expressing a series of truncated proteins”
Claim · model-written summary
Ectopic SCRE2 expression inhibited flg22- and chitin-induced defense gene expression and oxidative burst in transgenic rice cells.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- ectopic expression of SCRE2e0
- Gene
- SCRE2e0
- Outcome
- flg22- and chitin-induced defense gene expression and oxidative burste0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ectopic expression of SCRE2 in the transgenic rice cells significantly inhibited pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity including flg22- and chitin-induced defense gene expression and oxidative burst”
Claim · model-written summary
The scre2 knockout mutant had greatly attenuated U. virens virulence to rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- scre2 knockout mutante0
- Treatment
- scre2 knockout mutante0
- Interactor
- U. virensUstilaginoidea virense0pathogen
- Gene
- scre2e0
- Outcome
- U. virens virulence to ricee0
- Direction
- attenuatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the scre2 knockout mutant generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system greatly attenuated in U. virens virulence to rice”
The same questions in other papers
transgenic · disease · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 27 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
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