Abstract
Partially purified glutathione- s -transferase (GST) isolated from corn ( Zea mays L.) seedlings was about 14-fold higher in specific activity than GST isolated from giant foxtail ( Setaria faberi Herrm. # SETFA) seedlings. Greater amounts of GST activity were present in leaf tissue than in stem tissue. Four-leaf giant foxtail seedlings contained about threefold more reduced glutathione per gram fresh weight in the leaves than one- to two-leaf giant foxtail seedlings. When atrazine and reduced glutathione were used as substrates, tridiphane [2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)oxirane] inhibited isolated GST from corn with an I 50 of about 5 μ M and from giant foxtail with an I 50 slightly lower. Tridiphane inhibited the metabolism of atrazine [6-chloro- N -ethyl- N′ -(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] to water-soluble metabolites in giant foxtail leaves but not in corn leaves. Unmetabolized atrazine levels tended to be greater in giant foxtail seedlings treated with tridiphane plus atrazine than in plants treated with atrazine alone. Tridiphane applied 12 h before atrazine increased the uptake of atrazine in both corn and five-leaf giant foxtail seedlings. The amount of atrazine metabolism to water-soluble metabolites increased in corn leaves but remained constant in giant foxtail leaves when atrazine uptake was increased. Tridiphane and atrazine combinations impaired net photosynthetic rates more than atrazine alone in giant foxtail seedlings but did not increase chlorophyll fluorescence. There was no decrease in net photosynthetic rate 12 h following applications of atrazine or tridiphane plus atrazine on corn leaves. Tridiphane did not decrease photosynthesis or increase chlorophyll fluorescence in either species when applied alone.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
GST specific activity in corn was about 14-fold higher than in giant foxtail.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Gene
- glutathione- s -transferasee1
- Outcome
- specific activitye1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- about 14-folde1
- Comparator
- GST isolated from giant foxtaile1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Partially purified glutathione- s -transferase (GST) isolated from corn ( Zea mays L.) seedlings was about 14-fold higher in specific activity than GST isolated from giant foxtail”
Claim · model-written summary
GST activity was greater in leaf tissue than in stem tissue.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e2“Greater amounts of GST activity were present in leaf tissue than in stem tissue”
Claim · model-written summary
Four-leaf giant foxtail seedlings contained about threefold more reduced glutathione per gram fresh weight in leaves than one- to two-leaf seedlings.
Verbatim
e3“Four-leaf giant foxtail seedlings contained about threefold more reduced glutathione per gram fresh weight in the leaves than one- to two-leaf giant foxtail seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Tridiphane inhibited isolated GST from corn, with an I 50 of about 5 μ M.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse4
- Treatment
- tridiphanee4
- Outcome
- I 50e4
- Direction
- inhibitede4
- Value
- about 5 μ Me4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“tridiphane [2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)oxirane] inhibited isolated GST from corn with an I 50 of about 5 μ M”
Claim · model-written summary
Tridiphane inhibited isolated GST from giant foxtail with an I 50 slightly lower than for corn.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e5“tridiphane [2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)oxirane] inhibited isolated GST from corn with an I 50 of about 5 μ M and from giant foxtail with an I 50 slightly lower”
Claim · model-written summary
Unmetabolized atrazine levels tended to be greater in giant foxtail seedlings treated with tridiphane plus atrazine than in plants treated with atrazine alone.
Verbatim
e7“Unmetabolized atrazine levels tended to be greater in giant foxtail seedlings treated with tridiphane plus atrazine than in plants treated with atrazine alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Tridiphane applied 12 h before atrazine increased the uptake of atrazine in corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse7
- Treatment
- Tridiphane applied 12 h before atrazinee7
- Outcome
- uptake of atrazinee7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Tridiphane applied 12 h before atrazine increased the uptake of atrazine in both corn and five-leaf giant foxtail seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Tridiphane applied 12 h before atrazine increased the uptake of atrazine in five-leaf giant foxtail seedlings.
- Taxon
- giant foxtaile7
- Organ / stage
- five-leafe7
- Treatment
- Tridiphane applied 12 h before atrazinee7
- Outcome
- uptake of atrazinee7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e7“Tridiphane applied 12 h before atrazine increased the uptake of atrazine in both corn and five-leaf giant foxtail seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine metabolism to water-soluble metabolites increased in corn leaves when atrazine uptake was increased.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse7
- Organ / stage
- leavese7
- Outcome
- atrazine metabolism to water-soluble metabolitese7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- when atrazine uptake was increasede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The amount of atrazine metabolism to water-soluble metabolites increased in corn leaves but remained constant in giant foxtail leaves when atrazine uptake was increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine metabolism to water-soluble metabolites remained constant in giant foxtail leaves when atrazine uptake was increased.
Verbatim
e7“The amount of atrazine metabolism to water-soluble metabolites increased in corn leaves but remained constant in giant foxtail leaves when atrazine uptake was increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Tridiphane and atrazine combinations impaired net photosynthetic rates in giant foxtail more than atrazine alone.
Verbatim
e7“Tridiphane and atrazine combinations impaired net photosynthetic rates more than atrazine alone in giant foxtail seedlings but did not increase chlorophyll fluorescence”
Claim · model-written summary
Tridiphane and atrazine combinations did not increase chlorophyll fluorescence in giant foxtail.
- Taxon
- giant foxtaile7
- Treatment
- Tridiphane and atrazine combinationse7
- Outcome
- chlorophyll fluorescencee7
- Direction
- did not increasee7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e7“Tridiphane and atrazine combinations impaired net photosynthetic rates more than atrazine alone in giant foxtail seedlings but did not increase chlorophyll fluorescence”
Claim · model-written summary
There was no decrease in net photosynthetic rate in corn leaves 12 h following applications of atrazine or tridiphane plus atrazine.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse7
- Organ / stage
- leavese7
- Treatment
- applications of atrazine or tridiphane plus atrazinee7
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee7
- Direction
- no decreasee7
- Qualifier
- 12 h followinge7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“There was no decrease in net photosynthetic rate 12 h following applications of atrazine or tridiphane plus atrazine on corn leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Tridiphane alone did not decrease photosynthesis in corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Tridiphanee7
- Outcome
- photosynthesise7
- Direction
- did not decreasee7
- Qualifier
- when applied alonee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Giant Foxtail (Setaria faberi) and Corn (Zea mays)”
e7“Tridiphane did not decrease photosynthesis or increase chlorophyll fluorescence in either species when applied alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Tridiphane alone did not decrease photosynthesis in giant foxtail.
- Taxon
- Giant Foxtailt0
- Treatment
- Tridiphanee7
- Outcome
- photosynthesise7
- Direction
- did not decreasee7
- Qualifier
- when applied alonee7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Giant Foxtail (Setaria faberi) and Corn (Zea mays)”
e7“Tridiphane did not decrease photosynthesis or increase chlorophyll fluorescence in either species when applied alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Tridiphane alone did not increase chlorophyll fluorescence in corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Tridiphanee7
- Outcome
- chlorophyll fluorescencee7
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede7
- Qualifier
- when applied alonee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Giant Foxtail (Setaria faberi) and Corn (Zea mays)”
e7“Tridiphane did not decrease photosynthesis or increase chlorophyll fluorescence in either species when applied alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Tridiphane alone did not increase chlorophyll fluorescence in giant foxtail.
- Taxon
- Giant Foxtailt0
- Treatment
- Tridiphanee7
- Outcome
- chlorophyll fluorescencee7
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede7
- Qualifier
- when applied alonee7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Giant Foxtail (Setaria faberi) and Corn (Zea mays)”
e7“Tridiphane did not decrease photosynthesis or increase chlorophyll fluorescence in either species when applied alone”
The same questions in other papers
atrazine · physiology: photosynthesis · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.