Abstract
The effect of moderate moisture stress on the activity of the methyl ester of diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} applied to wild oat ( Avena fatua L.) and the influence of morphological and physiological factors on the activity of the herbicide on stressed plants were investigated in growth-room experiments. Wild oat was grown in very fine sandy loam brought to a gravimetric soil moisture content (SMC) of 20% (water potential of -0.3 bars) or 10% (-6.5 bars) prior to herbicide treatment. The activity of diclofop on wild oat was slightly, but significantly, reduced when the SMC was increased from 10 to 20% immediately after spraying. Maintaining the SMC at 10% after spraying further reduced the activity of the herbicide. Wild oat plants grown at 20% SMC had 22% greater leaf area and retained 23% more herbicide than plants grown at 10% SMC. Penetration of the methyl ester of 14 C-diclofop into wild oat grown at 20 or 10% SMC did not differ significantly 12, 24, or 48 h after application. Stressed and unstressed plants did not differ significantly in the metabolism of the methyl ester of 14 C-diclofop. However, growth at a low SMC prior to treatment decreased the proportion of the radiolabeled herbicide recovered in the apex, third leaf, and tillers of wild oat. This may partially account for the reduced activity of this herbicide on wild oat subjected to moisture stress.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing soil moisture from 10 to 20% after spraying significantly reduced diclofop activity on wild oat.
- Taxon
- wild oate0
- Treatment
- SMC was increased from 10 to 20%e0
- Outcome
- activity of diclofope0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- immediately after sprayinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The activity of diclofop on wild oat was slightly, but significantly, reduced when the SMC was increased from 10 to 20% immediately after spraying.”
Claim · model-written summary
Keeping soil moisture at 10% after spraying further reduced herbicide activity.
- Taxon
- Wild Oatt0
- Treatment
- Maintaining the SMC at 10% after sprayinge0
- Outcome
- activity of the herbicidee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Maintaining the SMC at 10% after spraying further reduced the activity of the herbicide.”
t0“Wild Oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild oat at 20% soil moisture had 22% greater leaf area than plants at 10%.
Verbatim
e0“Wild oat plants grown at 20% SMC had 22% greater leaf area and retained 23% more herbicide than plants grown at 10% SMC.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild oat at 20% soil moisture retained 23% more herbicide than plants at 10%.
Verbatim
e0“Wild oat plants grown at 20% SMC had 22% greater leaf area and retained 23% more herbicide than plants grown at 10% SMC.”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclofop penetration did not differ significantly between wild oat grown at 20 and 10% soil moisture at 12, 24 or 48 hours.
Verbatim
e0“Penetration of the methyl ester of 14 C-diclofop into wild oat grown at 20 or 10% SMC did not differ significantly 12, 24, or 48 h after application.”
Claim · model-written summary
Stressed and unstressed wild oat did not differ significantly in diclofop metabolism.
Verbatim
e0“Stressed and unstressed plants did not differ significantly in the metabolism of the methyl ester of 14 C-diclofop.”
t0“Wild Oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Low soil moisture before treatment decreased radiolabeled herbicide recovery in the apex, third leaf and tillers.
- Taxon
- wild oate0
- Organ / stage
- apex, third leaf, and tillerse0
- Treatment
- a low SMC prior to treatmente0
- Outcome
- proportion of the radiolabeled herbicide recoverede0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“However, growth at a low SMC prior to treatment decreased the proportion of the radiolabeled herbicide recovered in the apex, third leaf, and tillers of wild oat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Decreased herbicide recovery in growing tissues may partially explain reduced activity under moisture stress.
Verbatim
e0“However, growth at a low SMC prior to treatment decreased the proportion of the radiolabeled herbicide recovered in the apex, third leaf, and tillers of wild oat. This may partially account for the reduced activity of this herbicide on wild oat subjected to moisture stress.”
The same questions in other papers
soil water · growth · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
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application · molecular: metabolites · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.