Abstract
The influence of several factors on the injury to corn ( Zea mays L.) seedlings from high rates of EPTC ( S -ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) + R-25788 ( N,N -diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide) was determined in growth chambers. This herbicide combination severely injured 6% of the corn seedlings at rates as low as 14 ppm if the herbicide was poorly incorporated into the soil. If thoroughly incorporated, severe injury did not occur unless the rate of application exceeded 56 ppm. Decreased injury resulted when seed were placed so as to insure rapid shoot emergence. Seed planted at 2 cm with its coleoptile pointed upward or horizontally (with posterior facing upward) was injured less than in other positions, Corn cultivars differ in their susceptibility to EPTC + R-25788 at 30 but not at 20 C. Of the several corn cultivars tested at 30 C, SX-98 was the least injured by EPTC + R-25788. Corn injury was progressively reduced as leaching volumes were increased and as the time from herbicide application to corn planting was increased.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Poor incorporation caused severe injury in 6% of seedlings at 14 ppm.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- 14 ppme0
- Outcome
- severely injurede0
- Value
- 6%e0
- Qualifier
- poorly incorporated into the soile0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This herbicide combination severely injured 6% of the corn seedlings at rates as low as 14 ppm if the herbicide was poorly incorporated into the soil.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thorough incorporation prevented severe injury unless application exceeded 56 ppm.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- thoroughly incorporatede0
- Outcome
- severe injury did not occure0
- Value
- 56 ppme0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“If thoroughly incorporated, severe injury did not occur unless the rate of application exceeded 56 ppm.”
t0“Factors Affecting Thiocarbamate Injury to Corn II. Soil Incorporation, Seed Placement, Cultivar, Leaching, and Breakdown”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed placements promoting rapid emergence decreased injury.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- seed were placed so as to insure rapid shoot emergencee0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- Decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Decreased injury resulted when seed were placed so as to insure rapid shoot emergence.”
t0“Factors Affecting Thiocarbamate Injury to Corn II. Soil Incorporation, Seed Placement, Cultivar, Leaching, and Breakdown”
Claim · model-written summary
At 2 cm, upward or horizontal coleoptile positioning reduced injury versus other positions.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- coleoptile pointed upward or horizontallye0
- Outcome
- injurede0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- 2 cme0
- Comparator
- other positionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed planted at 2 cm with its coleoptile pointed upward or horizontally (with posterior facing upward) was injured less than in other positions”
t0“Factors Affecting Thiocarbamate Injury to Corn II. Soil Incorporation, Seed Placement, Cultivar, Leaching, and Breakdown”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars differed in susceptibility at 30 but not 20 C.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Material
- cultivarse0
- Outcome
- susceptibility to EPTC + R-25788e0
- Qualifier
- at 30 but not at 20 Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn cultivars differ in their susceptibility to EPTC + R-25788 at 30 but not at 20 C.”
Claim · model-written summary
SX-98 was least injured among cultivars tested at 30 C.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Material
- SX-98e0
- Outcome
- least injurede0
- Qualifier
- at 30 Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of the several corn cultivars tested at 30 C, SX-98 was the least injured by EPTC + R-25788.”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater leaching volumes progressively reduced corn injury.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- leaching volumes were increasede0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn injury was progressively reduced as leaching volumes were increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer time between herbicide application and planting progressively reduced corn injury.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- time from herbicide application to corn planting was increasede0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn injury was progressively reduced as leaching volumes were increased and as the time from herbicide application to corn planting was increased.”
The same questions in other papers
Zea mays subsp. mays · crop injury · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →herbicide · crop injury · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 33 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
57 papers more in this group
See all 61 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.