Abstract
Green leaf volatiles (GLVs), which have mostly been described as providers of protection against insect herbivory and necrotrophic pathogen infections, were recently shown to provide significant fortification against cold stress damage. It was further demonstrated that cold-damaged maize seedlings released a significant amount of GLVs, in particular, Z-3-hexenal (Z-3-HAL). Here, we report that the in-cold treatment of maize seedlings with Z-3-HAL significantly improved cold stress resistance. The transcripts for cold-protective genes were also significantly increased in the Z-3-HAL treated maize seedlings over those found in only cold stressed plants. Consequently, the maize seedlings treated with HAL during cold showed a significantly increased structural integrity, significantly less damage, and increased growth after cold stress, relative to the non-HAL treated maize seedlings. Together, these results demonstrate the protective effect of in-cold treatment with HAL against cold damage, and suggest that the perception of these compounds during cold episodes significantly improves resistance against this abiotic stress.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
In-cold Z-3-HAL treatment significantly improved cold stress resistance of maize seedlings relative to non-HAL treated seedlings.
- Treatment
- in-cold treatmente1
- Outcome
- cold stress resistancee1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- non-HAL treated maize seedlingse4
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cold Stress in Zea mays”
e1“the in-cold treatment of maize seedlings with Z-3-HAL significantly improved cold stress resistance”
e4“relative to the non-HAL treated maize seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Z-3-HAL treated maize seedlings had significantly increased transcripts for cold-protective genes over cold-stressed plants.
- Treatment
- Z-3-HAL treatede2
- Gene
- cold-protective genese2
- Outcome
- transcripts for cold-protective genese2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- only cold stressed plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The transcripts for cold-protective genes were also significantly increased in the Z-3-HAL treated maize seedlings over those found in only cold stressed plants”
t0“Cold Stress in Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize seedlings treated with HAL during cold showed significantly increased structural integrity relative to non-HAL treated seedlings.
- Treatment
- HAL during colde3
- Outcome
- structural integritye3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- non-HAL treated maize seedlingse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“the maize seedlings treated with HAL during cold showed a significantly increased structural integrity”
e4“relative to the non-HAL treated maize seedlings”
t0“Cold Stress in Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize seedlings treated with HAL during cold had significantly less cold damage than non-HAL treated seedlings.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the maize seedlings treated with HAL during cold showed a significantly increased structural integrity, significantly less damage”
e4“relative to the non-HAL treated maize seedlings”
t0“Cold Stress in Zea mays”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize seedlings treated with HAL during cold showed increased growth after cold stress relative to non-HAL treated seedlings.
- Treatment
- HAL during colde6
- Outcome
- growth after cold stresse6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Comparator
- non-HAL treated maize seedlingse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“the maize seedlings treated with HAL during cold showed a significantly increased structural integrity, significantly less damage, and increased growth after cold stress”
e4“relative to the non-HAL treated maize seedlings”
t0“Cold Stress in Zea mays”
The same questions in other papers
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- no effect
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.