Paper · 2019 · International Journal of Plant & Soil Science

Yield and Tissue Calcium Concentration of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Fruit as Influenced by Calcium Source and Time of Application

N. M. Bitange; G. N. Chemining’wa; J. Ambuko; et al.

8
claims
16
verbatim quotes
7
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

The effect of varied calcium sources, applied at different times and rates, on the yield and calcium concentration of mango fruit were investigated. “Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control). The calcium sources were sprayed at the rates of 1%, 1.5% , 2% or 0% (control) during three different stages of fruit development i.e. fruit set, 30 days after fruit set and 30 days to physiological maturity. The experiment was carried out during 2017 and 2018 seasons at Karurumo, Embu County, Kenya. This orchard has been found to have low calcium levels. These experiments were laid in a completely randomized block designs with a split, split plot arrangement replicated three times. The results indicated that spraying with calcium significantly affected the weight, breadth, number and the total weight of fruits/tree. The concentration of calcium in the fruit flesh was also significantly increased by the application of calcium and a direct relationship between calcium concentration and yield attributes was reported. Calcium chloride (2.0%) sprayed at fruit set was the most effective in enhancing the fruit weight, breadth, number of fruits and the total weight of fruits. Application of calcium at fruit set was found to be the most effective in enhancing the yield. Further investigations need to be done to determine the effect of these calcium sources on the quality of fruits and the optimal rate as there was an increase in the yield with an increase in the rates.

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Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Spraying with calcium significantly affected fruit weight, breadth and number per tree.

Treatment
spraying with calciume3
Outcome
weight, breadth, numbere3
Comparator
water (control)e0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica · TaxonBilljones94 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

““Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 149–276 · show in text ↑
e3

“The results indicated that spraying with calcium significantly affected the weight, breadth, number and the total weight of fruits/tree”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 766–901 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Spraying with calcium significantly affected the total weight of fruits per tree.

Treatment
spraying with calciume3
Outcome
total weight of fruits/treee3
Comparator
water (control)e0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica · TaxonBilljones94 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

““Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 149–276 · show in text ↑
e3

“The results indicated that spraying with calcium significantly affected the weight, breadth, number and the total weight of fruits/tree”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 766–901 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Calcium application significantly increased calcium concentration in the fruit flesh.

Treatment
application of calciume4
Outcome
concentration of calcium in the fruit fleshe4
Direction
increasede4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica · TaxonBilljones94 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

““Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 149–276 · show in text ↑
e4

“The concentration of calcium in the fruit flesh was also significantly increased by the application of calcium”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 903–1013 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Calcium concentration showed a direct relationship with yield attributes.

Treatment
calcium concentratione4
Outcome
yield attributese4
Direction
direct relationshipe4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica · TaxonBilljones94 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

““Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 149–276 · show in text ↑
e4

“a direct relationship between calcium concentration and yield attributes was reported”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1018–1103 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Calcium chloride (2.0%) sprayed at fruit set was the most effective treatment for enhancing fruit weight, breadth and number.

Treatment
Calcium chloride (2.0%) sprayed at fruit sete5
Outcome
fruit weight, breadth, number of fruitse5
Direction
most effective in enhancinge5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica · TaxonBilljones94 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

““Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 149–276 · show in text ↑
e5

“Calcium chloride (2.0%) sprayed at fruit set was the most effective in enhancing the fruit weight, breadth, number of fruits and the total weight of fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1105–1260 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Calcium chloride (2.0%) sprayed at fruit set was the most effective treatment for enhancing total fruit weight.

Treatment
Calcium chloride (2.0%) sprayed at fruit sete5
Outcome
the total weight of fruitse5
Direction
most effective in enhancinge5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica · TaxonBilljones94 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

““Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 149–276 · show in text ↑
e5

“Calcium chloride (2.0%) sprayed at fruit set was the most effective in enhancing the fruit weight, breadth, number of fruits and the total weight of fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1105–1260 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of calcium at fruit set was the most effective timing for enhancing yield.

Treatment
Application of calcium at fruit sete6
Outcome
yielde6
Direction
most effective in enhancinge6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica · TaxonBilljones94 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

““Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 149–276 · show in text ↑
e6

“Application of calcium at fruit set was found to be the most effective in enhancing the yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1262–1355 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield increased with increasing calcium spray rates.

Treatment
ratese7
Outcome
yielde7
Direction
increasee7

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica · TaxonBilljones94 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

““Van Dyke” mango cultivar tree of 10 years old was sprayed with calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, easy gro and water (control)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 149–276 · show in text ↑
e7

“there was an increase in the yield with an increase in the rates”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1494–1558 · show in text ↑

calcium atom · growth · Mangifera indica (mango)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

calcium chloride dihydrate · growth · Mangifera indica (mango)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

calcium atom · molecular: metabolites · Mangifera indica (mango)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

calcium chloride dihydrate · yield · Mangifera indica (mango)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

calcium atom · yield · Mangifera indica (mango)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

application · growth · Mangifera indica (mango)Positive and negative results

38 papers: 36 positive, 2 negative or no effect

35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. positive

34 papers more in this group

See all 38 papers →

application · yield · Mangifera indica (mango)Positive and negative results

85 papers: 80 positive, 5 negative or no effect

79 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

81 papers more in this group

See all 85 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.