Abstract
To gain insight into the relationship between oxidative stress and somatic embryogenesis (SE) induction, we analysed the effects of a reduced glutathione (GSH) of antioxidant activity on the embryogenic potential of in vitro cultured explants of the model plant Arabidopsis. The results showed that the GSH treatment resulted in SE induction in the explants that had been cultured on an auxin-depleted medium. The GSH-induced SE was shown to be associated with auxin biosynthesis and the accumulation of both the YUCCA transcripts ( YUC10/11 ) and the indolic compounds that are indicative for IAA. Inversely, 2,4-D treatment was found to increase the GSH level in the cultured explants and thus, complex interactions between the auxin and oxidative stress were assumed to control SE induction. The genetic regulators of auxin-induced SE, the LEC1 and LEC2 genes, were also up-regulated in the GSH-triggered SE. In contrast, the expression profiles of BBM and MYB118 were distinctly different in the GSH- than in 2,4-D-induced SE, which suggests differences in the genetic regulation of these alternative embryogenic pathways. Collectively, the study provides evidence that the GSH-imposed changes in the oxidative stress level affect auxin production, which triggers embryogenic development in the cultured explants.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
GSH induced somatic embryogenesis in explants cultured on auxin-depleted medium.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Organ / stage
- explantse0
- Treatment
- GSH treatmente0
- Outcome
- SE inductione0
- Qualifier
- auxin-depleted mediume0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that the GSH treatment resulted in SE induction in the explants that had been cultured on an auxin-depleted medium.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
GSH-induced somatic embryogenesis was associated with auxin biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- GSH-inducede0
- Compound
- auxine0
- Outcome
- SEe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The GSH-induced SE was shown to be associated with auxin biosynthesis and the accumulation of both the YUCCA transcripts ( YUC10/11 ) and the indolic compounds that are indicative for IAA.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
GSH-induced somatic embryogenesis was associated with accumulation of YUCCA transcripts.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- GSH-inducede0
- Gene
- YUC10/11e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of both the YUCCA transcripts ( YUC10/11 )e0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The GSH-induced SE was shown to be associated with auxin biosynthesis and the accumulation of both the YUCCA transcripts ( YUC10/11 ) and the indolic compounds that are indicative for IAA.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
GSH-induced somatic embryogenesis was associated with accumulation of indolic compounds indicative of IAA.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- GSH-inducede0
- Outcome
- indolic compounds that are indicative for IAAe0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The GSH-induced SE was shown to be associated with auxin biosynthesis and the accumulation of both the YUCCA transcripts ( YUC10/11 ) and the indolic compounds that are indicative for IAA.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D treatment increased GSH level in cultured explants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Organ / stage
- cultured explantse0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D treatmente0
- Outcome
- GSH levele0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inversely, 2,4-D treatment was found to increase the GSH level in the cultured explants”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
LEC1 and LEC2 genes were up-regulated in GSH-triggered somatic embryogenesis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- GSH-triggerede0
- Gene
- LEC1 and LEC2 genese0
- Outcome
- LEC1 and LEC2 genese0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genetic regulators of auxin-induced SE, the LEC1 and LEC2 genes, were also up-regulated in the GSH-triggered SE.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
BBM expression profiles differed between GSH-induced and 2,4-D-induced somatic embryogenesis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- BBMe0
- Outcome
- expression profilese0
- Direction
- distinctly differente0
- Comparator
- 2,4-D-induced SEe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, the expression profiles of BBM and MYB118 were distinctly different in the GSH- than in 2,4-D-induced SE”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
MYB118 expression profiles differed between GSH-induced and 2,4-D-induced somatic embryogenesis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- MYB118e0
- Outcome
- expression profilese0
- Direction
- distinctly differente0
- Comparator
- 2,4-D-induced SEe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, the expression profiles of BBM and MYB118 were distinctly different in the GSH- than in 2,4-D-induced SE”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
The same questions in other papers
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- negative
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