Abstract
BACKGROUND: Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is produced by microorganisms and plants via either tryptophan-dependent or tryptophan-independent pathways. Herein, we investigated the optimisation of IAA production by Streptomyces fradiae NKZ-259 and its formulation as a plant growth promoter to improve economic and agricultural development. RESULTS: The maximum IAA yield achieved using optimal conditions was 82.363 μg/mL in the presence of 2 g/L tryptophan after 6 days of incubation. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of putative IAA revealed an RF value of 0.69 and a retention time of 11.842 min, comparable with the IAA standard. Regarding product formulation, kaolin-based powder achieved a suspension rate of 73.74% and a wetting time of 80 s. This carrier exhibited good shelf life stability for NKZ-259, and the cell population did not decrease obviously over 4 months of storage at 4 °C. In vivo analysis of plant growth promotion showed that tomato seedlings treated with kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cells displayed a significant increase in root and shoot length of 7.97 cm and 32.77 cm, respectively, and an increase in fresh weight and dry weight of 6.72 g and 1.34 g. Compared to controls, plant growth parameters were increased almost it two-fold. CONCLUSION: Optimising the culture conditions resulted in an almost four-fold increase in IAA secretion by NKZ-259 cells. The results clearly demonstrate that S. fradiae NKZ-259 holds great potential for plant growth promotion and IAA production. Furthermore, kaolin-based powder is an effective carrier for NKZ-259 cells and may be useful for commercial applications.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Optimized culture conditions produced a maximum IAA yield of 82.363 μg/mL from NKZ-259.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlings
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Interactor
- NKZ-259e1symbiont
- Outcome
- IAA yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 82.363 μg/mLe0
- Qualifier
- 2 g/L tryptophan after 6 days of incubatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum IAA yield achieved using optimal conditions was 82.363 μg/mL in the presence of 2 g/L tryptophan after 6 days of incubation.”
e1“tomato seedlings treated with kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cells displayed a significant increase in root and shoot length of 7.97 cm and 32.77 cm, respectively”
e2“Compared to controls, plant growth parameters were increased almost it two-fold.”
Claim · model-written summary
Kaolin powder had a suspension rate of 73.74%.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- suspension ratee0
- Value
- 73.74%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kaolin-based powder achieved a suspension rate of 73.74% and a wetting time of 80 s.”
e1“tomato seedlings treated with kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cells displayed a significant increase in root and shoot length of 7.97 cm and 32.77 cm, respectively”
e2“Compared to controls, plant growth parameters were increased almost it two-fold.”
Claim · model-written summary
Kaolin powder had a wetting time of 80 s.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- wetting timee0
- Value
- 80 se0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kaolin-based powder achieved a suspension rate of 73.74% and a wetting time of 80 s.”
e1“tomato seedlings treated with kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cells displayed a significant increase in root and shoot length of 7.97 cm and 32.77 cm, respectively”
e2“Compared to controls, plant growth parameters were increased almost it two-fold.”
Claim · model-written summary
The NKZ-259 population did not noticeably decline after four months of cold storage in the carrier.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- NKZ-259e1symbiont
- Outcome
- cell populatione0
- Direction
- did not decreasee0
- Qualifier
- 4 months of storage at 4 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cell population did not decrease obviously over 4 months of storage at 4 °C.”
e1“tomato seedlings treated with kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cells displayed a significant increase in root and shoot length of 7.97 cm and 32.77 cm, respectively”
e2“Compared to controls, plant growth parameters were increased almost it two-fold.”
Claim · model-written summary
The NKZ-259 formulation significantly increased tomato seedling root length to 7.97 cm.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cellse0
- Interactor
- NKZ-259e0symbiont
- Outcome
- root and shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 7.97 cme0
- Comparator
- controlse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings treated with kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cells displayed a significant increase in root and shoot length of 7.97 cm and 32.77 cm, respectively”
e2“Compared to controls, plant growth parameters were increased almost it two-fold.”
Claim · model-written summary
The NKZ-259 formulation significantly increased tomato seedling shoot length to 32.77 cm.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cellse0
- Interactor
- NKZ-259e0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 32.77 cme0
- Comparator
- controlse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seedlings treated with kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cells displayed a significant increase in root and shoot length of 7.97 cm and 32.77 cm, respectively”
e2“Compared to controls, plant growth parameters were increased almost it two-fold.”
Claim · model-written summary
The NKZ-259 formulation increased tomato seedling fresh weight to 6.72 g.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cellse1
- Interactor
- NKZ-259e1symbiont
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 6.72 ge0
- Comparator
- controlse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in fresh weight and dry weight of 6.72 g and 1.34 g.”
e1“tomato seedlings treated with kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cells displayed a significant increase in root and shoot length of 7.97 cm and 32.77 cm, respectively”
e2“Compared to controls, plant growth parameters were increased almost it two-fold.”
Claim · model-written summary
The NKZ-259 formulation increased tomato seedling dry weight to 1.34 g.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cellse1
- Interactor
- NKZ-259e1symbiont
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1.34 ge0
- Comparator
- controlse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in fresh weight and dry weight of 6.72 g and 1.34 g.”
e1“tomato seedlings treated with kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cells displayed a significant increase in root and shoot length of 7.97 cm and 32.77 cm, respectively”
e2“Compared to controls, plant growth parameters were increased almost it two-fold.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato plant growth parameters increased almost twofold relative to controls.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cellse1
- Interactor
- NKZ-259e1symbiont
- Outcome
- plant growth parameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- almost it two-folde0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to controls, plant growth parameters were increased almost it two-fold.”
e1“tomato seedlings treated with kaolin powder containing NKZ-259 cells displayed a significant increase in root and shoot length of 7.97 cm and 32.77 cm, respectively”
The same questions in other papers
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