Abstract
This study was carried out in a trial to find out a cheaper substitute for agar. Different substrates were tested as support matriceswith MS solution and compared with agar-gelled MS medium. Aseptic explants of two aroids, Spathiphyllum wallisii and Anthurium scherzerianum were cultured on these media under aseptic conditions. The highest records of total number of shoots, shoot length, total number of leaves, diameter of vegetative growth and total fresh weight of Spathiphyllum were observed in shoots grown on agar medium. Results of Anthurium shoots grown on agar medium did not differ significantly from the highest levels of shoot length and total fresh weight. Agar also achieved the second rank in total number of shoots, total number of leaves and the diameter of vegetative growth of Anthurium shoots. Length of Spathiphyllum and Anthurium shoots grown on cotton medium was not significantly different from the highest level. Cotton also achieved the second rank in total number of shoots, total number of leaves, diameter of vegetative growth and total fresh weight of Spathiphyllum and Anthurium shoots. In case of Spathiphyllum, perlite medium achieved the second rank in total fresh weight, and was not significantly lower than this category in total number of leaves. Records of Spathiphyllum shoots grown on perlite were lowered to the third rank in total number of shoots, shoot length and diameter of vegetative growth. On the other hand, the highest significant levels in total number of shoots, shoot length, total number of leaves, diameter of vegetative growth and total fresh weight of Anthurium were observed in shoots grown on perlite. Value of the total fresh weight of Spathiphyllum shoots grown on bagasse medium significantly occupied the second rank in a descending order compared to the corresponding character in other media. The bagasse medium reached the third category in shoot length and total number of leaves, and the fourth one in total number of shoots and diameter of vegetative growth of Spathiphyllum. In case of Anthurium, values of all characters measured of shoots grown in the bagasse medium significantly reached the third rank in a descending order. The longest shoots were those grown on straws of rice or wheat in case of Spathiphyllum, and on rice straw in case of Anthurium. Parameters of the photosynthetic pigments, i.e. chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids, were not influenced significantly by media substrate in case of Spathiphyllum. On the contrary, the highest significant values of these characters were observed in Anthurium shoots grown on bagasse medium, followed without any significant difference by those grown on the cotton one. Corresponding values of Anthurium shoots grown on perlite medium were not significantly different from those grown on agar medium. However, values of the two later media were significantly lower than those of the two former ones. The use of cheaper substrates such as cotton, perlite or bagasse could be recommended as a replacement for agar, especially in commercial tissue culture labs.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Agar gave the highest shoot and vegetative growth measures in Spathiphyllum.
- Taxon
- Spathiphyllum
Spathiphyllume0 - Treatment
- agar mediume0
- Outcome
- total number of shoots, shoot length, total number of leavese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest records of total number of shoots, shoot length, total number of leaves, diameter of vegetative growth and total fresh weight of Spathiphyllum were observed in shoots grown on agar medium.”
Claim · model-written summary
Agar also gave the highest Spathiphyllum vegetative diameter and fresh weight.
- Taxon
- SpathiphyllumSpathiphyllume0
- Treatment
- agar mediume0
- Outcome
- diameter of vegetative growth and total fresh weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest records of total number of shoots, shoot length, total number of leaves, diameter of vegetative growth and total fresh weight of Spathiphyllum were observed in shoots grown on agar medium.”
Claim · model-written summary
Agar-grown Anthurium shoots did not differ significantly from the highest shoot length and fresh weight.
- Treatment
- agar mediume0
- Outcome
- shoot length and total fresh weighte0
- Direction
- did not differ significantlye0
- Comparator
- highest levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results of Anthurium shoots grown on agar medium did not differ significantly from the highest levels of shoot length and total fresh weight.”
Claim · model-written summary
Agar ranked second for Anthurium shoot number, leaf number and vegetative diameter.
- Treatment
- Agare0
- Outcome
- total number of shoots, total number of leaves and the diameter of vegetative growthe0
- Direction
- second ranke0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Agar also achieved the second rank in total number of shoots, total number of leaves and the diameter of vegetative growth of Anthurium shoots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton-grown shoots of both aroids had shoot length statistically indistinguishable from the highest level.
- Taxon
- Spathiphyllum and Anthurium
AnthuriumSpathiphyllume0 - Treatment
- cotton mediume0
- Outcome
- Lengthe0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Comparator
- highest levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Length of Spathiphyllum and Anthurium shoots grown on cotton medium was not significantly different from the highest level.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton ranked second for shoot number, leaves, diameter and fresh weight of both aroids.
- Taxon
- Spathiphyllum and AnthuriumAnthuriumSpathiphyllume0
- Treatment
- Cottone0
- Outcome
- total number of shoots, total number of leaves, diameter of vegetative growthe0
- Direction
- second ranke0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton also achieved the second rank in total number of shoots, total number of leaves, diameter of vegetative growth and total fresh weight of Spathiphyllum and Anthurium shoots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Perlite ranked second for Spathiphyllum fresh weight and was not significantly lower for leaf number.
- Taxon
- SpathiphyllumSpathiphyllume0
- Treatment
- perlite mediume0
- Outcome
- total fresh weighte0
- Direction
- second ranke0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of Spathiphyllum, perlite medium achieved the second rank in total fresh weight, and was not significantly lower than this category in total number of leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Perlite ranked third for Spathiphyllum shoot number, length and vegetative diameter.
- Taxon
- SpathiphyllumSpathiphyllume0
- Treatment
- perlitee0
- Outcome
- total number of shoots, shoot length and diameter of vegetative growthe0
- Direction
- third ranke0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Records of Spathiphyllum shoots grown on perlite were lowered to the third rank in total number of shoots, shoot length and diameter of vegetative growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Perlite yielded the highest measured shoot growth values in Anthurium.
- Treatment
- perlitee0
- Outcome
- total number of shoots, shoot length, total number of leavese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest significant levels in total number of shoots, shoot length, total number of leaves, diameter of vegetative growth and total fresh weight of Anthurium were observed in shoots grown on perlite.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bagasse ranked second for Spathiphyllum fresh weight.
- Taxon
- SpathiphyllumSpathiphyllume0
- Treatment
- bagasse mediume0
- Outcome
- total fresh weighte0
- Direction
- second ranke0
- Comparator
- other mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Value of the total fresh weight of Spathiphyllum shoots grown on bagasse medium significantly occupied the second rank in a descending order compared to the corresponding character in other media.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bagasse ranked third for Spathiphyllum shoot length and leaves, and fourth for shoot number and diameter.
- Taxon
- SpathiphyllumSpathiphyllume0
- Treatment
- bagasse mediume0
- Outcome
- shoot length and total number of leavese0
- Direction
- third categorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bagasse medium reached the third category in shoot length and total number of leaves, and the fourth one in total number of shoots and diameter of vegetative growth of Spathiphyllum.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bagasse-grown Anthurium ranked third across measured traits.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of Anthurium, values of all characters measured of shoots grown in the bagasse medium significantly reached the third rank in a descending order.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice or wheat straw produced the longest Spathiphyllum shoots.
- Taxon
- SpathiphyllumSpathiphyllume0
- Treatment
- straws of rice or wheate0
- Outcome
- shootse0
- Direction
- longeste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The longest shoots were those grown on straws of rice or wheat in case of Spathiphyllum”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw produced the longest Anthurium shoots.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on rice straw in case of Anthurium”
e1“The longest shoots were those grown on straws of rice or wheat in case of Spathiphyllum, and on rice straw in case of Anthurium.”
Claim · model-written summary
Media did not significantly affect Spathiphyllum photosynthetic pigments.
- Taxon
- SpathiphyllumSpathiphyllume0
- Treatment
- media substratee0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophylle0
- Direction
- not influenced significantlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Parameters of the photosynthetic pigments, i.e. chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids, were not influenced significantly by media substrate in case of Spathiphyllum.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bagasse gave the highest photosynthetic pigment values in Anthurium, statistically comparable with cotton.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest significant values of these characters were observed in Anthurium shoots grown on bagasse medium, followed without any significant difference by those grown on the cotton one.”
Claim · model-written summary
Perlite and agar produced statistically similar pigment values in Anthurium, below cotton and bagasse.
- Treatment
- perlite mediume0
- Outcome
- Corresponding valuese0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Comparator
- agar mediume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corresponding values of Anthurium shoots grown on perlite medium were not significantly different from those grown on agar medium.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend cotton, perlite or bagasse as cheaper agar replacements in commercial tissue culture.
Verbatim
e0“The use of cheaper substrates such as cotton, perlite or bagasse could be recommended as a replacement for agar, especially in commercial tissue culture labs.”
t0“SPATHIPHYLLUM AND ANTHURIUM”
The same questions in other papers
Oryza sativa · growth · SpathiphyllumResults agree
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in vitro · growth · AnthuriumPositive and negative results
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See all 8 papers →in vitro · growth · SpathiphyllumResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
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growing medium · growth · AnthuriumResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.