Abstract
Metal hyperaccumulating plants should have extremely efficient defense mechanisms, enabling growth and development in a polluted environment. Brassica species are known to display hyperaccumulation capability. Brassica juncea (Indiana mustard) v. Malopolska plants were exposed to trace elements, i.e., cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), at a concentration of 50 μM and were then harvested after 96 h for analysis. We observed a high index of tolerance (IT), higher than 90%, for all B. juncea plants treated with the four metals, and we showed that Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn accumulation was higher in the above-ground parts than in the roots. We estimated the metal effects on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the levels of protein oxidation, as well as on the activity and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The obtained results indicate that organo-specific ROS generation was higher in plants exposed to essential metal elements (i.e., Cu and Zn), compared with non-essential ones (i.e., Cd and Pb), in conjunction with SOD, CAT, and APX activity and expression at the level of encoding mRNAs and existing proteins. In addition to the potential usefulness of B. juncea in the phytoremediation process, the data provide important information concerning plant response to the presence of trace metals.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica juncea maintained a tolerance index above 90% under each of four metal exposures.
- Taxon
- B. juncea
Brassica junceae0 - Treatment
- four metalse0
- Outcome
- index of tolerance (IT)e0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- higher than 90%e0
- Qualifier
- at a concentration of 50 μMe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We observed a high index of tolerance (IT), higher than 90%, for all B. juncea plants treated with the four metals”
e1“cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), at a concentration of 50 μM”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc accumulated more in aboveground parts than roots.
- Taxon
- Brassica junceaBrassica junceat0
- Organ / stage
- above-ground partse0
- Outcome
- Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn accumulatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn accumulation was higher in the above-ground parts than in the roots”
t0“Brassica juncea”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential metals copper and zinc produced higher organ-specific ROS generation than cadmium and lead.
- Taxon
- Brassica junceaBrassica junceat0
- Treatment
- Cu and Zne0
- Outcome
- organo-specific ROS generatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Cd and Pbe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organo-specific ROS generation was higher in plants exposed to essential metal elements (i.e., Cu and Zn), compared with non-essential ones (i.e., Cd and Pb)”
t0“Brassica juncea”
Claim · model-written summary
SOD, CAT, and APX activity and expression accompanied the metal-specific ROS response.
- Taxon
- Brassica junceaBrassica junceat0
- Gene
- SOD, CAT, and APXe0
- Outcome
- activity and expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in conjunction with SOD, CAT, and APX activity and expression at the level of encoding mRNAs and existing proteins”
t0“Brassica juncea”
The same questions in other papers
copper atom · physiology: oxidative · Brassica juncea (Indian mustard)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
zinc atom · physiology: oxidative · Brassica juncea (Indian mustard)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.