Abstract
The diploid wild cotton species Gossypium australe possesses excellent traits including resistance to disease and delayed gland morphogenesis, and has been successfully used for distant breeding programmes to incorporate disease resistance traits into domesticated cotton. Here, we sequenced the G. australe genome by integrating PacBio, Illumina short read, BioNano (DLS) and Hi-C technologies, and acquired a high-quality reference genome with a contig N50 of 1.83 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 143.60 Mb. We found that 73.5% of the G. australe genome is composed of various repeat sequences, differing from those of G. arboreum (85.39%), G. hirsutum (69.86%) and G. barbadense (69.83%). The G. australe genome showed closer collinear relationships with the genome of G. arboreum than G. raimondii and has undergone less extensive genome reorganization than the G. arboreum genome. Selection signature and transcriptomics analyses implicated multiple genes in disease resistance responses, including GauCCD7 and GauCBP1, and experiments revealed induction of both genes by Verticillium dahliae and by the plant hormones strigolactone (GR24), salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Experiments using a Verticillium-resistant domesticated G. barbadense cultivar confirmed that knockdown of the homologues of these genes caused a significant reduction in resistance against Verticillium dahliae. Moreover, knockdown of a newly identified gland-associated gene GauGRAS1 caused a glandless phenotype in partial tissues using G. australe. The G. australe genome represents a valuable resource for cotton research and distant relative breeding as well as for understanding the evolutionary history of crop genomes.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
The G. australe genome assembly reached a contig N50 of 1.83 Mb.
- Taxon
- G. australe
Gossypium australee1 - Outcome
- contig N50e2
- Value
- 1.83 Mbe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here, we sequenced the G. australe genome”
e2“acquired a high-quality reference genome with a contig N50 of 1.83 Mb”
Claim · model-written summary
The G. australe genome reached a scaffold N50 of 143.60 Mb.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Outcome
- scaffold N50e2
- Value
- 143.60 Mbe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here, we sequenced the G. australe genome”
e2“a scaffold N50 of 143.60 Mb”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeat sequences make up 73.5% of the G. australe genome.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Outcome
- repeat sequencese2
- Value
- 73.5%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here, we sequenced the G. australe genome”
e2“We found that 73.5% of the G. australe genome is composed of various repeat sequences”
Claim · model-written summary
G. australe repeat content differs from that of G. arboreum (85.39%).
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Outcome
- repeat sequencese2
- Qualifier
- 85.39%e3
- Comparator
- G. arboreume3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here, we sequenced the G. australe genome”
e2“We found that 73.5% of the G. australe genome is composed of various repeat sequences”
e3“differing from those of G. arboreum (85.39%)”
Claim · model-written summary
G. australe repeat content differs from that of G. hirsutum (69.86%).
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Outcome
- repeat sequencese2
- Qualifier
- 69.86%e3
- Comparator
- G. hirsutume3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here, we sequenced the G. australe genome”
e2“We found that 73.5% of the G. australe genome is composed of various repeat sequences”
e3“G. hirsutum (69.86%)”
Claim · model-written summary
G. australe repeat content differs from that of G. barbadense (69.83%).
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Outcome
- repeat sequencese2
- Qualifier
- 69.83%e3
- Comparator
- G. barbadensee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here, we sequenced the G. australe genome”
e2“We found that 73.5% of the G. australe genome is composed of various repeat sequences”
e3“G. barbadense (69.83%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The G. australe genome shows closer collinearity with G. arboreum than with G. raimondii.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Outcome
- collinear relationshipse1
- Comparator
- G. raimondiie1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The G. australe genome showed closer collinear relationships with the genome of G. arboreum than G. raimondii”
Claim · model-written summary
G. australe has undergone less extensive genome reorganization than G. arboreum.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Outcome
- genome reorganizatione2
- Direction
- less extensivee2
- Comparator
- G. arboreume2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The G. australe genome showed closer collinear relationships with the genome of G. arboreum than G. raimondii”
e2“has undergone less extensive genome reorganization than the G. arboreum genome”
Claim · model-written summary
Selection and transcriptomic analyses implicate GauCCD7 and GauCBP1 in disease-resistance responses.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Gene
- GauCCD7 and GauCBP1e2
- Outcome
- disease resistance responsese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here, we sequenced the G. australe genome”
e2“Selection signature and transcriptomics analyses implicated multiple genes in disease resistance responses, including GauCCD7 and GauCBP1”
Claim · model-written summary
Verticillium dahliae induces expression of GauCCD7 and GauCBP1 in G. australe.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Treatment
- Verticillium dahliaee2
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliae
Verticillium dahliaee2pathogen - Outcome
- both genese2
- Direction
- inductione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here, we sequenced the G. australe genome”
e2“experiments revealed induction of both genes by Verticillium dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant hormones strigolactone (GR24), salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate induce expression of GauCCD7 and GauCBP1 in G. australe.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Treatment
- strigolactone (GR24), salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)e2
- Outcome
- both genese2
- Direction
- inductione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here, we sequenced the G. australe genome”
e2“experiments revealed induction of both genes by Verticillium dahliae and by the plant hormones strigolactone (GR24), salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockdown of the homologues of GauCCD7 and GauCBP1 significantly reduced resistance to Verticillium dahliae in a G. barbadense cultivar.
- Taxon
- G. barbadense
.jpg?width=60)
Gossypium barbadensee1 - Treatment
- knockdown of the homologues of these genese1
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance against Verticillium dahliaee1
- Direction
- reductione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“Experiments using a Verticillium-resistant domesticated G. barbadense cultivar confirmed that knockdown of the homologues of these genes caused a significant reduction in resistance against Verticillium dahliae”
e2“Experiments using a Verticillium-resistant domesticated G. barbadense cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockdown of GauGRAS1 caused a glandless phenotype in partial tissues of G. australe.
- Taxon
- G. australeGossypium australee1
- Treatment
- knockdown of a newly identified gland-associated gene GauGRAS1e1
- Gene
- GauGRAS1e1
- Outcome
- glandless phenotypee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“knockdown of a newly identified gland-associated gene GauGRAS1 caused a glandless phenotype in partial tissues using G. australe”