Abstract
Galls induced by plant-parasitic nematodes involve a hyperactivation of the plant mitotic and endocycle machinery for their profit. Dedifferentiation of host root cells includes drastic cellular and molecular readjustments. In such a background, potential DNA damage in the genome of gall cells is evident. We investigated whether DNA damage checkpoint activation followed by DNA repair occurred, or was eventually circumvented, in nematode-induced galls. Galls display transcriptional activation of the DNA damage checkpoint kinase WEE1, correlated with its protein localization in the nuclei. The promoter of the stress marker gene SMR7 was evaluated under the WEE1-knockout background. Drugs inducing DNA damage and a marker for DNA repair, PARP1, were used to understand the mechanisms for coping with DNA damage in galls. Our functional study revealed that gall cells lacking WEE1 conceivably entered mitosis prematurely, disturbing the cell cycle despite the loss of genome integrity. The disrupted nuclei phenotype in giant cells hinted at the accumulation of mitotic defects. In addition, WEE1-knockout in Arabidopsis and downregulation in tomato repressed infection and reproduction of root-knot nematodes. Together with data on DNA-damaging drugs, we suggest a conserved function for WEE1 in controlling G1/S cell cycle arrest in response to a replication defect in galls.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode-induced galls showed WEE1 transcriptional activation and nuclear localization.
Verbatim
e0“Galls display transcriptional activation of the DNA damage checkpoint kinase WEE1, correlated with its protein localization in the nuclei.”
e1“nematode-induced galls”
t0“plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Gall cells lacking WEE1 apparently entered mitosis prematurely, disturbing the cell cycle.
Verbatim
e0“gall cells lacking WEE1 conceivably entered mitosis prematurely, disturbing the cell cycle despite the loss of genome integrity.”
e1“nematode-induced galls”
t0“plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Giant cells had disrupted nuclei, suggesting accumulated mitotic defects.
Verbatim
e0“The disrupted nuclei phenotype in giant cells hinted at the accumulation of mitotic defects.”
e1“nematode-induced galls”
t0“plant”
Claim · model-written summary
WEE1 knockout in Arabidopsis repressed root-knot nematode infection and reproduction.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- WEE1-knockoute0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodes
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynee0parasite - Gene
- WEE1e0
- Outcome
- infection and reproduction of root-knot nematodese0
- Direction
- repressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“WEE1-knockout in Arabidopsis and downregulation in tomato repressed infection and reproduction of root-knot nematodes.”
Claim · model-written summary
WEE1 downregulation in tomato repressed root-knot nematode infection and reproduction.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- downregulatione0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodesMeloidogynee0parasite
- Gene
- WEE1e0
- Outcome
- infection and reproduction of root-knot nematodese0
- Direction
- repressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WEE1-knockout in Arabidopsis and downregulation in tomato repressed infection and reproduction of root-knot nematodes.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest WEE1 controls G1/S arrest after replication defects in galls.
Verbatim
e0“we suggest a conserved function for WEE1 in controlling G1/S cell cycle arrest in response to a replication defect in galls.”
e1“nematode-induced galls”
t0“plant”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · Meloidogyne · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.