Abstract
Tailored foods are specifically suitable for target groups of people with particular nutritional needs. Although most research on tailored foods has been focused on increasing the nutrient content in plant tissues (biofortification), in populations with specific physiological conditions, it is recommended to reduce the uptake of specific nutrients in order to improve their health. People affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) must limit their consumption of vegetables because of the generally high potassium (K) content in the edible parts. This study aimed to define an appropriate production technique for two baby leaf vegetables, spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris), with reduced K tissue content, minimizing the negative effects on their crop performance and overall nutritional quality. Plants were grown in a hydroponic floating system. The K concentration in the nutrient solution (NS) was reduced from 200 mg/L (K200, the concentration usually used for growing baby leaf vegetables in hydroponic conditions) to 50 mg/L over the entire growing cycle (K50) or only during the seven days before harvest (K50-7d). The reduction of K in the NS resulted in a significant decrease of K tissue content in both species (32% for K50 and 10% for K50-7d, on average), while it did not, in general, compromise the crop performance and quality traits or the bioaccessibility of K, magnesium, and calcium. The production of reduced-potassium leafy vegetables is a feasible tailored nutrition approach for CKD patients in order to take advantage of the positive effects of vegetable consumption on health without excessively increasing potassium intake.
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Claims 3
Claim · model-written summary
K50 reduced tissue potassium by 32% on average in spinach and Swiss chard.
- Taxon
- spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris)
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Spinacia oleraceae1 - Treatment
- K50e2
- Outcome
- K tissue contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 32%e0
- Comparator
- K200e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction of K in the NS resulted in a significant decrease of K tissue content in both species (32% for K50 and 10% for K50-7d, on average)”
e1“spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris)”
e2“from 200 mg/L (K200, the concentration usually used for growing baby leaf vegetables in hydroponic conditions) to 50 mg/L over the entire growing cycle (K50)”
Claim · model-written summary
K50-7d reduced tissue potassium by 10% on average in both vegetables.
- Taxon
- spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris)Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarisSpinacia oleraceae1
- Treatment
- K50-7de2
- Outcome
- K tissue contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- K200e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction of K in the NS resulted in a significant decrease of K tissue content in both species (32% for K50 and 10% for K50-7d, on average)”
e1“spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris)”
e2“from 200 mg/L (K200, the concentration usually used for growing baby leaf vegetables in hydroponic conditions) to 50 mg/L over the entire growing cycle (K50) or only during the seven days before harvest (K50-7d)”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced nutrient-solution potassium generally did not compromise crop performance, quality, or mineral bioaccessibility.
- Taxon
- spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris)Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarisSpinacia oleraceae1
- Treatment
- reduction of K in the NSe2
- Outcome
- crop performance and quality traits or the bioaccessibility of K, magnesium, and calciume0
- Direction
- did not, in general, compromisee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it did not, in general, compromise the crop performance and quality traits or the bioaccessibility of K, magnesium, and calcium”
e1“spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris)”
e2“The reduction of K in the NS”
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See all 30 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.