Abstract
BACKGROUND: Celery is a widely cultivated vegetable abundant in ascorbate (AsA), a natural plant antioxidant capable of scavenging free radicals generated by abiotic stress in plants. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a plant antioxidant enzyme that is important in the synthesis of AsA and scavenging of excess hydrogen peroxide. However, the characteristics and functions of APX in celery remain unclear to date. RESULTS: In this study, a gene encoding APX was cloned from celery and named AgAPX1. The transcription level of the AgAPX1 gene was significantly upregulated under drought stress. AgAPX1 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and purified. The predicted molecular mass of rAgAPX1 was 33.16 kDa, which was verified by SDS-PAGE assay. The optimum pH and temperature for rAgAPX1 were 7.0 and 55 °C, respectively. Transgenic Arabidopsis hosting the AgAPX1 gene showed elevated AsA content, antioxidant capacity and drought resistance. Less decrease in net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and relative water content contributed to the high survival rate of transgenic Arabidopsis lines after drought. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of APX in celery were different from that in other species. The enhanced drought resistance of overexpressing AgAPX1 in Arabidopsis may be achieved by increasing the accumulation of AsA, enhancing the activities of various antioxidant enzymes, and promoting stomatal closure. Our work provides new evidence to understand APX and its response mechanisms to drought stress in celery.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The celery APX gene was cloned and named AgAPX1.
- Taxon
- celery
%2C_Elswick%2C_Northumberland_4.jpg?width=60)
Apium graveolens Dulce Groupe0 - Gene
- AgAPX1e0
- Outcome
- a gene encoding APX was clonede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
%2C_Elswick%2C_Northumberland_4.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“a gene encoding APX was cloned from celery and named AgAPX1”
Claim · model-written summary
AgAPX1 transcription increased significantly under drought stress.
- Taxon
- celeryApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Gene
- AgAPX1e0
- Outcome
- transcription levele0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The transcription level of the AgAPX1 gene was significantly upregulated under drought stress”
t0“celery”
Claim · model-written summary
The predicted rAgAPX1 mass of 33.16 kDa was verified by SDS-PAGE.
- Taxon
- celeryApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Gene
- rAgAPX1e0
- Outcome
- molecular masse0
- Value
- 33.16 kDae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The predicted molecular mass of rAgAPX1 was 33.16 kDa, which was verified by SDS-PAGE assay”
t0“celery”
Claim · model-written summary
rAgAPX1 optimum pH was 7.0.
- Taxon
- celeryApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Gene
- rAgAPX1e0
- Outcome
- optimum pHe0
- Value
- 7.0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum pH and temperature for rAgAPX1 were 7.0 and 55 °C, respectively”
t0“celery”
Claim · model-written summary
rAgAPX1 optimum temperature was 55 °C.
- Taxon
- celeryApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Gene
- rAgAPX1e0
- Outcome
- temperaturee0
- Value
- 55 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum pH and temperature for rAgAPX1 were 7.0 and 55 °C, respectively”
t0“celery”
Claim · model-written summary
AgAPX1 transgenic Arabidopsis had higher ascorbate content and antioxidant capacity.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Gene
- AgAPX1e0
- Outcome
- AsA content, antioxidant capacitye0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transgenic Arabidopsis hosting the AgAPX1 gene showed elevated AsA content, antioxidant capacity and drought resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
AgAPX1 transgenic Arabidopsis had higher drought resistance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- AgAPX1e0
- Outcome
- drought resistancee0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transgenic Arabidopsis hosting the AgAPX1 gene showed elevated AsA content, antioxidant capacity and drought resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed smaller declines in photosynthesis, chlorophyll, and water content after drought.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and relative water contente0
- Direction
- Less decreasee0
- Qualifier
- after droughte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Less decrease in net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and relative water content contributed to the high survival rate of transgenic Arabidopsis lines after drought”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest increased AsA accumulation, antioxidant activity, and stomatal closure may explain drought resistance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- AgAPX1e0
- Compound
- AsAe0
- Outcome
- enhanced drought resistancee0
- Qualifier
- may be achievede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The enhanced drought resistance of overexpressing AgAPX1 in Arabidopsis may be achieved by increasing the accumulation of AsA, enhancing the activities of various antioxidant enzymes, and promoting stomatal closure”