Abstract
Plant immune responses need to be tightly controlled for growth-defense balance. The mechanism underlying this tight control is not fully understood. Here we identify epigenetic regulation of nucleotide-binding leucine rich repeat or Nod-Like Receptor (NLR) genes as an important mechanism for immune responses. Through a sensitized genetic screen and molecular studies, we identified and characterized HOS15 and its associated protein HDA9 as negative regulators of immunity and NLR gene expression. The loss-of-function of HOS15 or HDA9 confers enhanced resistance to pathogen infection accompanied with increased expression of one-third of the 207 NLR genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. HOS15 and HDA9 are physically associated with some of these NLR genes and repress their expression likely through reducing the acetylation of H3K9 at these loci. In addition, these NLR genes are repressed by HOS15 under both pathogenic and nonpathogenic conditions but by HDA9 only under infection condition. Together, this study uncovers a previously uncharacterized histone deacetylase complex in plant immunity and highlights the importance of epigenetic regulation of NLR genes in modulating growth-defense balance.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of HOS15 increased resistance to pathogen infection.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Treatment
- loss-of-function of HOS15e0
- Gene
- HOS15e0
- Outcome
- resistance to pathogen infectione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The loss-of-function of HOS15 or HDA9 confers enhanced resistance to pathogen infection accompanied with increased expression of one-third of the 207 NLR genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of HDA9 increased resistance to pathogen infection.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- loss-of-function of HOS15 or HDA9e0
- Gene
- HDA9e0
- Outcome
- resistance to pathogen infectione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The loss-of-function of HOS15 or HDA9 confers enhanced resistance to pathogen infection accompanied with increased expression of one-third of the 207 NLR genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of HOS15 increased expression of one-third of 207 NLR genes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- loss-of-function of HOS15e0
- Gene
- NLR genese0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- one-third of the 207 NLR genese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The loss-of-function of HOS15 or HDA9 confers enhanced resistance to pathogen infection accompanied with increased expression of one-third of the 207 NLR genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of HDA9 increased expression of one-third of 207 NLR genes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- loss-of-function of HOS15 or HDA9e0
- Gene
- NLR genese0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- one-third of the 207 NLR genese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The loss-of-function of HOS15 or HDA9 confers enhanced resistance to pathogen infection accompanied with increased expression of one-third of the 207 NLR genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.”
Claim · model-written summary
HOS15 and HDA9 physically associate with some NLR genes.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- HOS15 and HDA9e0
- Outcome
- physically associated with some of these NLR genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HOS15 and HDA9 are physically associated with some of these NLR genes and repress their expression likely through reducing the acetylation of H3K9 at these loci.”
t0“HOS15 and HDA9 negatively regulate immunity through histone deacetylation of intracellular immune receptor NLR genes in Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
HOS15 and HDA9 likely repress NLR expression through reduced H3K9 acetylation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- HOS15 and HDA9e0
- Outcome
- repress their expressione0
- Qualifier
- reducing the acetylation of H3K9 at these locie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HOS15 and HDA9 are physically associated with some of these NLR genes and repress their expression likely through reducing the acetylation of H3K9 at these loci.”
t0“HOS15 and HDA9 negatively regulate immunity through histone deacetylation of intracellular immune receptor NLR genes in Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
HOS15 represses NLR genes under pathogenic and nonpathogenic conditions.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- HOS15e0
- Outcome
- these NLR genes are repressede0
- Qualifier
- both pathogenic and nonpathogenic conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these NLR genes are repressed by HOS15 under both pathogenic and nonpathogenic conditions”
t0“HOS15 and HDA9 negatively regulate immunity through histone deacetylation of intracellular immune receptor NLR genes in Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
HDA9 represses NLR genes only under infection.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- HDA9e0
- Outcome
- only under infection conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by HDA9 only under infection condition”
t0“HOS15 and HDA9 negatively regulate immunity through histone deacetylation of intracellular immune receptor NLR genes in Arabidopsis”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 82 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.