Abstract
The aim of this field experiment was to analyze the influence of different nitrogen and sulfur doses on yield as well as the content and uptake of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) by spring rye grain. The study was conducted in south-eastern Poland (2009–2011) on Cambisols (WRB 2015), in conditions of low sulfur content in soil. The experiment included four doses of N fertilization (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha−1) and two doses of S supplementation (0 and 40 kg ha−1). The analysis showed that fertilization with N and S had a positive effect on the studied features of spring rye. The highest grain yields were found after use of 90 kg N ha−1. The grain of rye fertilized with these doses of N was characterized by the highest concentration and uptake of tested microelements. The supplementation of sulfur in a dose of 40 kg S ha−1 improved the nitrogen effect, because the rye grain yield and the content and uptake of micronutrients (except Mn) by rye grain dry mass increased. The highest yield of spring rye grain and accumulation of Mn and Zn and intake of Mn, Zn and Cu by grain dry mass (DM) were obtained in the vegetation season of 2011, which was characterized by an optimal rainfall distribution. The highest accumulation of Fe and Cu and intake of Fe were obtained in the vegetation season of 2009. Significant correlations were found also between grain yield and the content and uptake of all studied micronutrients. The supplementation of NPK fertilization with sulfur can be a good means of agronomic biofortification for spring rye in order to increase the content and uptake of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
The highest rye grain yield followed 90 kg N per hectare
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest grain yields were found after use of 90 kg N ha−1”
Claim · model-written summary
The high-N rye grain had the highest microelement concentration
- Taxon
- rye
Secale cerealee0 - Treatment
- these doses of Ne0
- Outcome
- concentration and uptake of tested microelementse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain of rye fertilized with these doses of N was characterized by the highest concentration and uptake of tested microelements”
Claim · model-written summary
The high-N rye grain had the highest microelement uptake
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee0
- Treatment
- these doses of Ne0
- Outcome
- uptake of tested microelementse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain of rye fertilized with these doses of N was characterized by the highest concentration and uptake of tested microelements”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur supplementation increased rye grain yield
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee0
- Treatment
- sulfur in a dose of 40 kg S ha−1e0
- Outcome
- rye grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The supplementation of sulfur in a dose of 40 kg S ha−1 improved the nitrogen effect, because the rye grain yield and the content and uptake of micronutrients (except Mn) by rye grain dry mass increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur supplementation raised rye grain micronutrient content except Mn
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee0
- Treatment
- sulfur in a dose of 40 kg S ha−1e0
- Outcome
- content and uptake of micronutrients (except Mn)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The supplementation of sulfur in a dose of 40 kg S ha−1 improved the nitrogen effect, because the rye grain yield and the content and uptake of micronutrients (except Mn) by rye grain dry mass increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur supplementation raised rye grain micronutrient uptake except Mn
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee0
- Treatment
- sulfur in a dose of 40 kg S ha−1e0
- Outcome
- uptake of micronutrients (except Mn)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The supplementation of sulfur in a dose of 40 kg S ha−1 improved the nitrogen effect, because the rye grain yield and the content and uptake of micronutrients (except Mn) by rye grain dry mass increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Rye grain yield was highest in 2011
- Taxon
- spring ryeSecale cerealee0
- Outcome
- yield of spring rye graine0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Setting
- vegetation season of 2011e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield of spring rye grain and accumulation of Mn and Zn and intake of Mn, Zn and Cu by grain dry mass (DM) were obtained in the vegetation season of 2011”
Claim · model-written summary
Rye grain Mn and Zn accumulation was highest in 2011
- Taxon
- spring ryeSecale cerealee0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Mn and Zne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Setting
- vegetation season of 2011e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield of spring rye grain and accumulation of Mn and Zn and intake of Mn, Zn and Cu by grain dry mass (DM) were obtained in the vegetation season of 2011”
Claim · model-written summary
Rye grain Mn, Zn and Cu intake was highest in 2011
- Taxon
- spring ryeSecale cerealee0
- Outcome
- intake of Mn, Zn and Cu by grain dry mass (DM)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Setting
- vegetation season of 2011e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield of spring rye grain and accumulation of Mn and Zn and intake of Mn, Zn and Cu by grain dry mass (DM) were obtained in the vegetation season of 2011”
Claim · model-written summary
Rye grain Fe and Cu accumulation was highest in 2009
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The highest accumulation of Fe and Cu and intake of Fe were obtained in the vegetation season of 2009”
Claim · model-written summary
Rye grain Fe intake was highest in 2009
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The highest accumulation of Fe and Cu and intake of Fe were obtained in the vegetation season of 2009”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield correlated significantly with micronutrient content
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Significant correlations were found also between grain yield and the content and uptake of all studied micronutrients”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield correlated significantly with micronutrient uptake
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Significant correlations were found also between grain yield and the content and uptake of all studied micronutrients”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · Secale cereale (rye)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
24 papers more in this group
See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.