Abstract
Lodging stress results in grain yield and quality reduction in wheat. Uniconazole, a potential plant growth regulator significantly enhances lignin biosynthesis and thus provides mechanical strength to plants in order to cope with lodging stress. A field study was conducted during the 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 growing seasons, to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat. In the first experiment, uniconazole at concentrations of 0 (CK), 15 (US1), 30 (US2), and 45 (US3) mg L−1 was applied as sole seed soaking, while in the second experiment with manganese (Mn) at concentration of 0.06 g L−1 Mn, 0.06 g L−1 Mn+ 15 mg L−1 uniconazole (UMS1), 0.06 g L−1 Mn+30 mg L−1 uniconazole (UMS2), and 0.06 g L−1 Mn+45 mg L−1 uniconazole (UMS3), respectively. Uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient significantly increased the lignin content by improving the lignin-related enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, tyrosine ammonia-lyase, and peroxidase, ameliorating basal internode characteristics, and breaking strength. The spike length, spike diameter, spikes/plant, weight/spike, yield/spike, and grain yield increased and then decreased with uniconazole application at a higher concentration, where their maximum values were recorded with UMS2 and US2 treatments. The lignin accumulation was positively correlated with lignin-related enzyme activities and breaking strength while, negatively correlated with lodging rate. Uniconazole significantly improved the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and grain yield of winter wheat and the treatments which showed the greatest effects were uniconazole seed soaking with micronutrient at a concentration of 30 mg L−1 and 0.06 g L−1, and uniconazole sole seed soaking at a concentration of 30 mg L−1.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole alone or with micronutrient significantly increased lignin content in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Uniconazole sole application or with micronutriente1
- Outcome
- lignin contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e1“Uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient significantly increased the lignin content”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole alone or with micronutrient improved lignin-related enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and tyrosine ammonia-lyase in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Uniconazole sole application or with micronutriente1
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, tyrosine ammonia-lyasee2
- Outcome
- lignin-related enzyme activitiese2
- Direction
- improvinge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e1“Uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient significantly increased the lignin content”
e2“by improving the lignin-related enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, tyrosine ammonia-lyase”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole alone or with micronutrient improved lignin-related peroxidase activity in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Uniconazole sole application or with micronutriente1
- Gene
- peroxidasee3
- Outcome
- lignin-related enzyme activitiese2
- Direction
- improvinge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e1“Uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient significantly increased the lignin content”
e2“by improving the lignin-related enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, tyrosine ammonia-lyase”
e3“tyrosine ammonia-lyase, and peroxidase”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole alone or with micronutrient ameliorated basal internode characteristics and breaking strength of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Uniconazole sole application or with micronutriente1
- Outcome
- basal internode characteristics, and breaking strengthe4
- Direction
- amelioratinge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e1“Uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient significantly increased the lignin content”
e4“ameliorating basal internode characteristics, and breaking strength”
Claim · model-written summary
Spike length, spike diameter and spikes per plant of winter wheat increased and then decreased with higher uniconazole concentration.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- uniconazole application at a higher concentratione5
- Outcome
- spike length, spike diameter, spikes/plante5
- Direction
- increased and then decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e5“The spike length, spike diameter, spikes/plant, weight/spike, yield/spike, and grain yield increased and then decreased with uniconazole application at a higher concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Weight per spike, yield per spike and grain yield of winter wheat increased and then decreased with higher uniconazole concentration.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- uniconazole application at a higher concentratione5
- Outcome
- weight/spike, yield/spike, and grain yielde5
- Direction
- increased and then decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e5“The spike length, spike diameter, spikes/plant, weight/spike, yield/spike, and grain yield increased and then decreased with uniconazole application at a higher concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum values of the spike and yield traits were recorded with UMS2 and US2 treatments.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- UMS2 and US2 treatmentse6
- Outcome
- maximum valuese6
- Direction
- maximume6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e6“where their maximum values were recorded with UMS2 and US2 treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Lignin accumulation was positively correlated with lignin-related enzyme activities in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Gene
- lignin-related enzyme activitiese7
- Outcome
- lignin accumulatione7
- Direction
- positively correlatede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e7“The lignin accumulation was positively correlated with lignin-related enzyme activities and breaking strength”
Claim · model-written summary
Lignin accumulation was negatively correlated with lodging rate in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Compound
- lignine7
- Outcome
- lodging ratee6
- Direction
- negatively correlatede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e7“The lignin accumulation was positively correlated with lignin-related enzyme activities and breaking strength”
e6“negatively correlated with lodging rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole significantly improved lodging resistance and grain yield of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Treatment
- Uniconazolee6
- Outcome
- lodging resistance, and grain yielde6
- Direction
- improvede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e6“Uniconazole significantly improved the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and grain yield of winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole seed soaking with micronutrient at 30 mg L−1 gave the greatest effects on winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- uniconazole seed soaking with micronutrient at a concentration of 30 mg L−1e6
- Outcome
- the greatest effectse6
- Direction
- greateste6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e6“the treatments which showed the greatest effects were uniconazole seed soaking with micronutrient at a concentration of 30 mg L−1 and 0.06 g L−1”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole sole seed soaking at 30 mg L−1 gave the greatest effects on winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- uniconazole sole seed soaking at a concentration of 30 mg L−1e7
- Outcome
- the greatest effectse6
- Direction
- greateste6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to investigate the effects of uniconazole sole application or with micronutrient on the lignin biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and production of winter wheat”
e6“the treatments which showed the greatest effects were uniconazole seed soaking with micronutrient at a concentration of 30 mg L−1 and 0.06 g L−1”
e7“uniconazole sole seed soaking at a concentration of 30 mg L−1”
The same questions in other papers
uniconazole · molecular: metabolites · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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See all 5 papers →uniconazole · soil: biology · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
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uniconazole · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
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micronutrient · molecular: metabolites · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.