Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during Kharif season of 2018 to evaluate Effect of nitrogen and sulphur on the performance of blackgram under custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) based agri-horti system. The result indicated that Number of nodules plant-1 decreased drastically from 30 to 50 DAS of crop. The maximum root nodules plant-1 was found at highest nitrogen (40 kg N ha-1) and sulphur level (40 kg S ha-1) followed by, medium and over control at 30 and 50 DAS. The maximum dry matter accumulation plant-1 was observed at 40 kg N and 40 kg S ha-1 whereas; lowest dry matter accumulation was found under control. Increasing levels of N and S from control to 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 significantly increased the grain yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index of blackgram. The N and S contents in grain and stover of blackgram significantly improved due to 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 whereas, minimum was found under control (0 kg N and 0 kg S ha-1). The nutrient uptake in grain and stover of blackgram under custard apple based agri-horti system, increased markedly with increasing levels of nitrogen and sulphur and uptake highest with 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 and lowest uptake was found under control. Protein content and protein yield were found statistically superior with 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 while minimum was noted in control condition. The maximum gross returns (Rs 55,468 ha-1), net returns (Rs 26,472 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.94) were obtained with 40 kg N ha-1, although, maximum gross returns (Rs 54887 ha-1), net returns (Rs 24371 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.83) was maintained by 40 kg S ha-1 and minimum net returns (Rs 17719 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.38) in control condition.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Nodules per plant decreased from 30 to 50 DAS.
- Taxon
- blackgram
Vigna mungot0 - Outcome
- Number of nodules plant-1e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 30 to 50 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Number of nodules plant-1 decreased drastically from 30 to 50 DAS of crop.”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Root nodules per plant were highest at the highest nitrogen and sulphur levels.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- nitrogen (40 kg N ha-1) and sulphur level (40 kg S ha-1)e0
- Outcome
- root nodules plant-1e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum root nodules plant-1 was found at highest nitrogen (40 kg N ha-1) and sulphur level (40 kg S ha-1) followed by, medium and over control at 30 and 50 DAS.”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter accumulation was highest with 40 kg N and 40 kg S ha-1 and lowest under control.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- 40 kg N and 40 kg S ha-1e0
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulation plant-1e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum dry matter accumulation plant-1 was observed at 40 kg N and 40 kg S ha-1 whereas; lowest dry matter accumulation was found under control.”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing N and S significantly increased grain yield, stover yield and biological yield.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe0
- Treatment
- 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1e0
- Outcome
- grain yield, stover yield, biological yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing levels of N and S from control to 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 significantly increased the grain yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index of blackgram.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing N and S significantly increased blackgram harvest index.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe0
- Treatment
- 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1e0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing levels of N and S from control to 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 significantly increased the grain yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index of blackgram.”
Claim · model-written summary
N and S contents in blackgram grain and stover improved significantly at the highest N and S rates.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe0
- Treatment
- 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1e0
- Outcome
- N and S contents in grain and stovere0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The N and S contents in grain and stover of blackgram significantly improved due to 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 whereas, minimum was found under control (0 kg N and 0 kg S ha-1).”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient uptake in grain and stover increased with nitrogen and sulphur level.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungoe0
- Treatment
- 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1e0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake in grain and stovere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nutrient uptake in grain and stover of blackgram under custard apple based agri-horti system, increased markedly with increasing levels of nitrogen and sulphur and uptake highest with 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 and lowest uptake was found under control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein content was statistically superior at 40 kg N and 40 kg S ha-1.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1e0
- Outcome
- Protein contente0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- control conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein content and protein yield were found statistically superior with 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 while minimum was noted in control condition.”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein yield was statistically superior at 40 kg N and 40 kg S ha-1.
- Taxon
- blackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1e0
- Outcome
- protein yielde0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- control conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein content and protein yield were found statistically superior with 40 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 while minimum was noted in control condition.”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Gross returns with 40 kg N ha-1 were Rs 55,468 ha-1, the maximum.
- Taxon
- BlackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- 40 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- Rs 55,468 ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum gross returns (Rs 55,468 ha-1), net returns (Rs 26,472 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.94) were obtained with 40 kg N ha-1”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Net returns with 40 kg N ha-1 were Rs 26,472 ha-1, the maximum.
- Taxon
- BlackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- 40 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- Rs 26,472 ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum gross returns (Rs 55,468 ha-1), net returns (Rs 26,472 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.94) were obtained with 40 kg N ha-1”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The benefit: cost ratio with 40 kg N ha-1 was 1.94, the maximum.
- Taxon
- BlackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- 40 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 1.94e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum gross returns (Rs 55,468 ha-1), net returns (Rs 26,472 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.94) were obtained with 40 kg N ha-1”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Gross returns with 40 kg S ha-1 were Rs 54887 ha-1, the maximum for sulphur.
- Taxon
- BlackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- 40 kg S ha-1e0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- Rs 54887 ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum gross returns (Rs 54887 ha-1), net returns (Rs 24371 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.83) was maintained by 40 kg S ha-1”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Net returns with 40 kg S ha-1 were Rs 24371 ha-1, the maximum for sulphur.
- Taxon
- BlackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- 40 kg S ha-1e0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- Rs 24371 ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum gross returns (Rs 54887 ha-1), net returns (Rs 24371 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.83) was maintained by 40 kg S ha-1”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The benefit: cost ratio with 40 kg S ha-1 was 1.83, the maximum for sulphur.
- Taxon
- BlackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- 40 kg S ha-1e0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 1.83e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum gross returns (Rs 54887 ha-1), net returns (Rs 24371 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.83) was maintained by 40 kg S ha-1”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Control net returns were the minimum at Rs 17719 ha-1.
- Taxon
- BlackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- control conditione0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- Rs 17719 ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum net returns (Rs 17719 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.38) in control condition.”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Control benefit: cost ratio was the minimum at 1.38.
- Taxon
- BlackgramVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- control conditione0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 1.38e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum net returns (Rs 17719 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.38) in control condition.”
t0“Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)”
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