Paper · 1998 · Weed Technology

Red Rice (Oryza sativa) andEchinochloaspp. Control in Texas Gulf Coast Soybean (Glycine max)

José A. Noldin; James M. Chandler; Garry N. McCauley; et al.

7
claims
12
verbatim quotes
14
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Field studies were conducted from 1992 to 1994 to evaluate herbicides applied preplant incorporated (PPI), preemergence (PRE), and postemergence (POST) for red rice and Echinochloa spp. control in soybean. Metolachlor PPI at 3.4 kg ai/ha controlled red rice late season 90 to 92%. Alachlor at 4.5 kg ai/ha and SAN 582H at 2.2 or 3.4 kg ai/ha, PPI or PRE, metolachlor plus imazaquin at 2.8 + 0.14 kg ai/ha PRE, and quizalofop-P POST at 0.07 kg ai/ha provided 83 to 95% red rice control in at least 2 of 3 yr. The addition of imazaquin to metolachlor or pendimethalin did not improve red rice control. Early-season Echinochloa spp. control with trifluralin, pendimethalin, and pendimethalin + imazaquin applied PPI; metolachlor, SAN 582H at 2.2 or 3.4 kg/ha, and metolachlor + imazaquin applied PPI or PRE; alachlor, AC 263,222 + imazaquin, and AC 263,222 + imazethapyr applied PRE; and sethoxydim and quizalofop-P applied POST was 90 to 100% in at least 2 of 3 yr. However, Echinochloa spp. control decreased for all treatments later in the season. Pendimethalin applied PPI at 2.2 kg ai/ha or in mixture with imazaquin at 1.7 + 0.14 kg ai/ha injured soybean 14 to 34% in 2 yr. Trifluralin PPI, SAN 582H at 2.2 or 3.4 kg/ha PPI or PRE, imazaquin PPI, metolachlor + imazaquin PPI or PRE, and AC 263,222 + imazethapyr injured soybean 12 to 41% in at least 1 of 3 yr.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Metolachlor PPI controlled red rice late season by 90 to 92%.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Metolachlor PPI at 3.4 kg ai/hae0
Interactor
red ricee0weed
Outcome
red ricee0
Direction
controllede0
Value
90 to 92%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Metolachlor PPI at 3.4 kg ai/ha controlled red rice late season 90 to 92%.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 206–280 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–92 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Several alachlor, SAN 582H, metolachlor plus imazaquin and quizalofop-P treatments controlled red rice by 83 to 95% in at least two years.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Alachlor at 4.5 kg ai/ha and SAN 582H at 2.2 or 3.4 kg ai/ha, PPI or PRE, metolachlor plus imazaquin at 2.8 + 0.14 kg ai/ha PRE, and quizalofop-P POST at 0.07 kg ai/hae0
Interactor
red ricee0weed
Outcome
red rice controle0
Direction
controle0
Value
83 to 95%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Alachlor at 4.5 kg ai/ha and SAN 582H at 2.2 or 3.4 kg ai/ha, PPI or PRE, metolachlor plus imazaquin at 2.8 + 0.14 kg ai/ha PRE, and quizalofop-P POST at 0.07 kg ai/ha provided 83 to 95% red rice control in at least 2 of 3 yr.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 281–507 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–92 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding imazaquin did not improve red rice control.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
addition of imazaquine0
Interactor
red ricee0weed
Outcome
red rice controle0
Direction
did not improvee0
Comparator
metolachlor or pendimethaline0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The addition of imazaquin to metolachlor or pendimethalin did not improve red rice control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 508–599 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–92 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Listed herbicide treatments achieved 90 to 100% early Echinochloa control in at least two years.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
trifluralin, pendimethalin, and pendimethalin + imazaquin applied PPI; metolachlor, SAN 582H at 2.2 or 3.4 kg/ha, and metolachlor + imazaquin applied PPI or PRE; alachlor, AC 263,222 + imazaquin, and AC 263,222 + imazethapyr applied PRE; and sethoxydim and quizalofop-P applied POSTe0
Interactor
Echinochloa spp.Echinochloae0weed
Outcome
Echinochloa spp. controle0
Direction
controle0
Value
90 to 100%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Echinochloa
Echinochloa · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Michael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Early-season Echinochloa spp. control with trifluralin, pendimethalin, and pendimethalin + imazaquin applied PPI; metolachlor, SAN 582H at 2.2 or 3.4 kg/ha, and metolachlor + imazaquin applied PPI or PRE; alachlor, AC 263,222 + imazaquin, and AC 263,222 + imazethapyr applied PRE; and sethoxydim and quizalofop-P applied POST was 90 to 100% in at least 2 of 3 yr.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 600–963 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–92 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Echinochloa control declined later in the season for all treatments.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Interactor
Echinochloa spp.Echinochloae0weed
Outcome
Echinochloa spp. controle0
Direction
decreasede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Echinochloa
Echinochloa · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Michael Becker · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Echinochloa spp. control decreased for all treatments later in the season.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 973–1047 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–92 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pendimethalin PPI alone or with imazaquin injured soybean by 14 to 34% in two years.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
Pendimethalin applied PPI at 2.2 kg ai/ha or in mixture with imazaquin at 1.7 + 0.14 kg ai/hae0
Outcome
injured soybeane0
Direction
injurede0
Value
14 to 34%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Pendimethalin applied PPI at 2.2 kg ai/ha or in mixture with imazaquin at 1.7 + 0.14 kg ai/ha injured soybean 14 to 34% in 2 yr.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1048–1176 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Other listed herbicide treatments injured soybean by 12 to 41% in at least one year.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
Trifluralin PPI, SAN 582H at 2.2 or 3.4 kg/ha PPI or PRE, imazaquin PPI, metolachlor + imazaquin PPI or PRE, and AC 263,222 + imazethapyre0
Outcome
injured soybeane0
Direction
injurede0
Value
12 to 41%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Trifluralin PPI, SAN 582H at 2.2 or 3.4 kg/ha PPI or PRE, imazaquin PPI, metolachlor + imazaquin PPI or PRE, and AC 263,222 + imazethapyr injured soybean 12 to 41% in at least 1 of 3 yr.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1177–1363 · show in text ↑

metolachlor · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

imazaquin · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 2 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

alachlor · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 4 positive, 1 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

pendimethalin · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

6 papers: 2 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

trifluralin · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 3 positive, 5 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

metolachlor · organism · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 6 positive, 2 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

metolachlor · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

14 papers: 13 positive, 1 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

10 papers more in this group

See all 14 papers →

Imazethapyr · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

16 papers: 3 positive, 13 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.