Abstract
Abstract In response to infestation by herbivores, rice plants rapidly biosynthesize defense compounds by activating a series of defense-related pathways. However, which defensive compounds in rice are effective against herbivores remains largely unknown. We found that the infestation of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera gravid females significantly increased levels of jasmonic acid (JA), jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) and H 2 O 2 , and reduced the level of ethylene in rice; levels of 11 of the tested 12 phenolamides (PAs) were subsequently enhanced. In contrast, WBPH nymph infestation had no effect on levels of JA, JA-Ile, ethylene and H 2 O 2 in rice, and enhanced levels of only 2 of 12 PAs. Moreover, infestation by brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens gravid females also affected the production of these PAs differently. Bioassays revealed that 4 PAs – N-feruloylputrescine, N-feruloyltyramine, feruloylagmatine and N1,N10-diferuloylspermidine – were toxic to newly emerged WBPH female adults. Our results suggest that WBPH- or BPH-induced biosynthesis of PAs in rice seems to be shaped primarily by the specific profile of defense-related signals elicited by the herbivore and that PAs play a role in conferring the resistance to WBPH on rice.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Gravid white-backed planthopper infestation significantly increased rice jasmonic acid and jasmonoyl-isoleucine.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- infestation of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera gravid femalese0
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferae0pest
- Outcome
- levels of jasmonic acid (JA), jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infestation of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera gravid females significantly increased levels of jasmonic acid (JA), jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) and H 2 O 2 , and reduced the level of ethylene in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Gravid white-backed planthopper infestation significantly increased rice H 2 O 2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- infestation of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera gravid femalese0
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferae0pest
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infestation of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera gravid females significantly increased levels of jasmonic acid (JA), jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) and H 2 O 2 , and reduced the level of ethylene in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Gravid white-backed planthopper infestation reduced rice ethylene.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- infestation of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera gravid femalese0
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferae0pest
- Outcome
- level of ethylenee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infestation of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera gravid females significantly increased levels of jasmonic acid (JA), jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) and H 2 O 2 , and reduced the level of ethylene in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Gravid white-backed planthopper infestation enhanced 11 of 12 tested rice phenolamides.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- infestation of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera gravid femalest1
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferat1peste0
- Outcome
- levels of 11 of the tested 12 phenolamides (PAs)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“levels of 11 of the tested 12 phenolamides (PAs) were subsequently enhanced.”
t0“Rice phenolamindes”
t1“infestation of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera gravid females”
Claim · model-written summary
White-backed planthopper nymph infestation did not change four rice defense signal levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- WBPH nymph infestatione0
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferat0peste0
- Outcome
- levels of JA, JA-Ile, ethylene and H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WBPH nymph infestation had no effect on levels of JA, JA-Ile, ethylene and H 2 O 2 in rice”
t0“Sogatella furcifera”
Claim · model-written summary
White-backed planthopper nymphs enhanced only two of 12 rice phenolamides.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- WBPH nymph infestatione0
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferat0peste0
- Outcome
- levels of only 2 of 12 PAse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WBPH nymph infestation had no effect on levels of JA, JA-Ile, ethylene and H 2 O 2 in rice, and enhanced levels of only 2 of 12 PAs.”
t0“Sogatella furcifera”
Claim · model-written summary
N-feruloylputrescine was toxic to newly emerged female white-backed planthoppers.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N-feruloylputrescinee0
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferat1peste0
- Outcome
- toxic to newly emerged WBPH female adultse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4 PAs – N-feruloylputrescine, N-feruloyltyramine, feruloylagmatine and N1,N10-diferuloylspermidine – were toxic to newly emerged WBPH female adults.”
t0“Rice”
t1“Sogatella furcifera”
Claim · model-written summary
N-feruloyltyramine was toxic to newly emerged female white-backed planthoppers.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N-feruloyltyraminee0
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferat1peste0
- Outcome
- toxic to newly emerged WBPH female adultse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4 PAs – N-feruloylputrescine, N-feruloyltyramine, feruloylagmatine and N1,N10-diferuloylspermidine – were toxic to newly emerged WBPH female adults.”
t0“Rice”
t1“Sogatella furcifera”
Claim · model-written summary
Feruloylagmatine was toxic to newly emerged female white-backed planthoppers.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- feruloylagmatinee0
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferat1peste0
- Outcome
- toxic to newly emerged WBPH female adultse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4 PAs – N-feruloylputrescine, N-feruloyltyramine, feruloylagmatine and N1,N10-diferuloylspermidine – were toxic to newly emerged WBPH female adults.”
t0“Rice”
t1“Sogatella furcifera”
Claim · model-written summary
N1,N10-diferuloylspermidine was toxic to newly emerged female white-backed planthoppers.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N1,N10-diferuloylspermidinee0
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferat1peste0
- Outcome
- toxic to newly emerged WBPH female adultse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4 PAs – N-feruloylputrescine, N-feruloyltyramine, feruloylagmatine and N1,N10-diferuloylspermidine – were toxic to newly emerged WBPH female adults.”
t0“Rice”
t1“Sogatella furcifera”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer herbivore-specific defense signals shape rice phenolamide biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- biosynthesis of PAs in ricee0
- Qualifier
- specific profile of defense-related signals elicited by the herbivoree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WBPH- or BPH-induced biosynthesis of PAs in rice seems to be shaped primarily by the specific profile of defense-related signals elicited by the herbivore”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer phenolamides contribute to rice resistance to white-backed planthopper.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- Sogatella furciferaSogatella furciferat0peste0
- Outcome
- resistance to WBPHe0
- Qualifier
- PAse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAs play a role in conferring the resistance to WBPH on rice.”
t0“Sogatella furcifera”
The same questions in other papers
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