Abstract
Abstract Soil salinity and alkalinity are key abiotic stresses that limit crop growth and yield worldwide. Balanced N fertilization is important for improving rice ( Oryza sativa L.) yield via efficient utilization of P and K under saline and alkaline soil conditions. In this study, a japonica rice cultivar, Kenjing 8, was used to investigate the effects of N fertilizer on rice yield, as well as N, P, and K status, in a 2‐yr field experiment in saline‐alkaline soil in Heilongjiang Province, northeast China. The plants were assigned to the following five treatment groups: no N fertilizer, or conventional, balanced, reduced, and postponed N fertilizer management. Compared with conventional N management practice, balanced and reduced N management practices increased the concentrations of N, P, and K in the leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at full heading (FH) and maturity; however, postponed N management led to the opposite results. Balanced N management increased N, P, and K mobilization to the leaves (from FH to maturity) by 49, 43, and 67%, respectively, resulting in the highest crop yields among all the N management practices studied. Furthermore, rice yield was positively correlated with N, P, and K accumulation and rates of nutrient mobilization to the leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at maturity. The application of 150 or 135 kg N ha −1 , and the proportion of 4:3:1:2 in the pre‐transplanting, mid‐tillering, panicle initiation, and panicle differentiation stages, may increase rice yield and facilitate efficient utilization of nutrients in saline‐alkaline soil.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Balanced N management increased concentrations of N, P, and K in rice leaves, stem-sheaths and panicles at full heading and maturity compared with conventional N management.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Material
- Kenjing 8e0
- Organ / stage
- leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at full heading (FH) and maturitye1
- Treatment
- balancede1
- Outcome
- concentrations of N, P, and Ke1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- conventional N management practicee1
- Setting
- saline‐alkaline soil in Heilongjiang Province, northeast Chinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a japonica rice cultivar, Kenjing 8”
e1“Compared with conventional N management practice, balanced and reduced N management practices increased the concentrations of N, P, and K in the leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at full heading (FH) and maturity”
e2“in a 2‐yr field experiment in saline‐alkaline soil in Heilongjiang Province, northeast China”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced N management increased concentrations of N, P, and K in rice leaves, stem-sheaths and panicles at full heading and maturity compared with conventional N management.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Kenjing 8e0
- Organ / stage
- leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at full heading (FH) and maturitye1
- Treatment
- reducede1
- Outcome
- concentrations of N, P, and Ke1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- conventional N management practicee1
- Setting
- saline‐alkaline soil in Heilongjiang Province, northeast Chinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a japonica rice cultivar, Kenjing 8”
e1“Compared with conventional N management practice, balanced and reduced N management practices increased the concentrations of N, P, and K in the leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at full heading (FH) and maturity”
e2“in a 2‐yr field experiment in saline‐alkaline soil in Heilongjiang Province, northeast China”
Claim · model-written summary
Postponed N management decreased concentrations of N, P, and K in rice relative to conventional N management.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- postponed N managemente3
- Outcome
- concentrations of N, P, and Ke1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede3
- Comparator
- conventional N management practicee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a japonica rice cultivar, Kenjing 8”
e1“Compared with conventional N management practice, balanced and reduced N management practices increased the concentrations of N, P, and K in the leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at full heading (FH) and maturity”
e3“postponed N management led to the opposite results”
Claim · model-written summary
Balanced N management increased N mobilization to the leaves from full heading to maturity by 49%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Balanced N managemente4
- Outcome
- mobilization to the leaves (from FH to maturity)e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 49e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a japonica rice cultivar, Kenjing 8”
e4“Balanced N management increased N, P, and K mobilization to the leaves (from FH to maturity) by 49, 43, and 67%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Balanced N management increased P mobilization to the leaves from full heading to maturity by 43%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Balanced N managemente4
- Outcome
- mobilization to the leaves (from FH to maturity)e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 43e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a japonica rice cultivar, Kenjing 8”
e4“Balanced N management increased N, P, and K mobilization to the leaves (from FH to maturity) by 49, 43, and 67%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Balanced N management increased K mobilization to the leaves from full heading to maturity by 67%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Balanced N managemente4
- Outcome
- mobilization to the leaves (from FH to maturity)e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 67%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a japonica rice cultivar, Kenjing 8”
e4“Balanced N management increased N, P, and K mobilization to the leaves (from FH to maturity) by 49, 43, and 67%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Balanced N management gave the highest rice yield among all the N management practices studied.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Balanced N managemente4
- Outcome
- crop yieldse5
- Direction
- higheste5
- Comparator
- all the N management practices studiede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a japonica rice cultivar, Kenjing 8”
e4“Balanced N management increased N, P, and K mobilization to the leaves (from FH to maturity) by 49, 43, and 67%, respectively”
e5“resulting in the highest crop yields among all the N management practices studied”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice yield was positively correlated with N, P, and K accumulation at maturity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae6
- Compound
- N, P, and Ke6
- Outcome
- rice yielde6
- Direction
- positively correlatede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a japonica rice cultivar, Kenjing 8”
e6“rice yield was positively correlated with N, P, and K accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice yield was positively correlated with the rates of nutrient mobilization to the leaves, stem-sheaths and panicles at maturity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae6
- Organ / stage
- leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at maturitye7
- Treatment
- rates of nutrient mobilizatione7
- Outcome
- rice yielde6
- Direction
- positively correlatede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“rice yield was positively correlated with N, P, and K accumulation”
e7“and rates of nutrient mobilization to the leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 150 or 135 kg N ha-1 with a 4:3:1:2 split across growth stages may increase rice yield in saline-alkaline soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- 150 or 135 kg N ha −1e1
- Outcome
- rice yielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The application of 150 or 135 kg N ha −1 , and the proportion of 4:3:1:2 in the pre‐transplanting, mid‐tillering, panicle initiation, and panicle differentiation stages, may increase rice yield”
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