Abstract
Use of effective microorganisms as a pre-sowing seed treating agent is considered to be ecologically sound and beneficial to both seed and environment. Therefore to ensure the benefits, studies were conducted in tomato seeds with different liquid microbial cultures. The results revealed that the tomato seeds treated with liquid cultures viz., Azospirillum, phosphobacteria and Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotroph (PPFM) have showed significant increase in germination and vigour. The seeds soaked in equal volume of Azospirillum @ 1:50 dilution for 24 h or phosphobacteria @ 1:50 dilution for 12 h or PPFM liquid culture @ 1:100 dilution for 18 h have registered the higher germination and vigour. Among these microbial cultures, PPFM has performed well in enhancing the seed germination and seedling vigour. Also, the viability and vigour of the inoculants infused seed were not much affected in three months storage. However, consortia of these microbial cultures showed antagonistic effect in seed germination and seedling vigour. In addition, the seeds infused with PPFM @1:100 dilution for 18 h followed by polymer coating @ 5 ml and carbendazim fungicide treatment @ 2 g kg-1 of have recorded significant improvement in seed germination and vigour with minimal reduction in the microbial population. Therefore, it would be possible to infuse the beneficial microbes into the seed through liquid cultures and also storing such seeds without much reduction in the microbial population. Therefore, it is beneficial if the seeds treated with the effective microorganisms which favour better seed germination and seedling growth. Also, the microbes can easily be added into the soil along with the seed which may reflect on better coloization of the microbes in plant root zone.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum seed treatment significantly increased tomato germination and vigour.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Azospirillume0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum
Azospirillume0symbiont - Outcome
- germination and vigoure0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seeds treated with liquid cultures viz., Azospirillum, phosphobacteria and Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotroph (PPFM) have showed significant increase in germination and vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphobacteria seed treatment significantly increased tomato germination and vigour.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- phosphobacteriae0
- Interactor
- phosphobacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- germination and vigoure0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seeds treated with liquid cultures viz., Azospirillum, phosphobacteria and Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotroph (PPFM) have showed significant increase in germination and vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
PPFM seed treatment significantly increased tomato germination and vigour.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotroph (PPFM)e0
- Interactor
- Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotroph (PPFM)e0symbiont
- Outcome
- germination and vigoure0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato seeds treated with liquid cultures viz., Azospirillum, phosphobacteria and Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotroph (PPFM) have showed significant increase in germination and vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum at 1:50 for 24 hours produced higher germination and vigour.
- Treatment
- Azospirillum @ 1:50 dilution for 24 he0
- Interactor
- AzospirillumAzospirillume0symbiont
- Outcome
- germination and vigoure0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds soaked in equal volume of Azospirillum @ 1:50 dilution for 24 h or phosphobacteria @ 1:50 dilution for 12 h or PPFM liquid culture @ 1:100 dilution for 18 h have registered the higher germination and vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphobacteria at 1:50 for 12 hours produced higher germination and vigour.
- Treatment
- phosphobacteria @ 1:50 dilution for 12 he0
- Interactor
- phosphobacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- germination and vigoure0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“seeds soaked in equal volume of Azospirillum @ 1:50 dilution for 24 h or phosphobacteria @ 1:50 dilution for 12 h or PPFM liquid culture @ 1:100 dilution for 18 h have registered the higher germination and vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
PPFM at 1:100 for 18 hours produced higher germination and vigour.
- Treatment
- PPFM liquid culture @ 1:100 dilution for 18 he0
- Interactor
- PPFMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- germination and vigoure0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“seeds soaked in equal volume of Azospirillum @ 1:50 dilution for 24 h or phosphobacteria @ 1:50 dilution for 12 h or PPFM liquid culture @ 1:100 dilution for 18 h have registered the higher germination and vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
PPFM performed best among the microbial cultures for germination and seedling vigour.
- Treatment
- PPFMe0
- Interactor
- PPFMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- seed germination and seedling vigoure0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Comparator
- these microbial culturese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Among these microbial cultures, PPFM has performed well in enhancing the seed germination and seedling vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculant infused seed viability and vigour were little affected after three months of storage.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“viability and vigour of the inoculants infused seed were not much affected in three months storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Consortia of the microbial cultures antagonized seed germination and seedling vigour.
- Treatment
- consortia of these microbial culturese0
- Outcome
- seed germination and seedling vigoure0
- Direction
- antagonistic effecte0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“consortia of these microbial cultures showed antagonistic effect in seed germination and seedling vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
PPFM infusion followed by polymer coating and carbendazim improved germination and vigour significantly.
- Treatment
- PPFM @1:100 dilution for 18 h followed by polymer coating @ 5 ml and carbendazim fungicide treatment @ 2 g kg-1e0
- Interactor
- PPFMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- seed germination and vigoure0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“seeds infused with PPFM @1:100 dilution for 18 h followed by polymer coating @ 5 ml and carbendazim fungicide treatment @ 2 g kg-1 of have recorded significant improvement in seed germination and vigour with minimal reduction in the microbial population”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined PPFM infusion, coating, and fungicide treatment minimally reduced microbial population.
- Treatment
- PPFM @1:100 dilution for 18 h followed by polymer coating @ 5 ml and carbendazim fungicide treatment @ 2 g kg-1e0
- Interactor
- PPFMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- microbial populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- minimale0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“seeds infused with PPFM @1:100 dilution for 18 h followed by polymer coating @ 5 ml and carbendazim fungicide treatment @ 2 g kg-1 of have recorded significant improvement in seed germination and vigour with minimal reduction in the microbial population”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend treating tomato seed with effective microorganisms to favour germination and growth.
- Interactor
- effective microorganismse0symbiont
- Outcome
- seeds treated with the effective microorganismse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“it is beneficial if the seeds treated with the effective microorganisms which favour better seed germination and seedling growth”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.