Abstract
Container-grown Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Myrica pensylvanica Lois., Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. and Elaeagnus angustifolia L. were grown at 20, 37, 53, 70 or 100% of natural light to determine the influence of light intensity on growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Optimum growth of Alnus glutinosa occurred in full-sun-grown plants. Acetylene reduction rates also were maximum in full sun and were highly correlated with chlorophyll content per unit leaf area, specific leaf weight and nodule starch content. Number and fresh weight of nodules as well as total N content in the plants was higher in full-sun-grown plants than in other light intensities. Optimum growth of Myrica pensylvanica occurred in plants grown under 70% light intensity. Plants in this treatment had more chlorophyll per unit leaf area, but less leaves than plants grown in full sun. Acetylene reduction rates were maximum at 70% light, but reducing and non-reducing sugars in the nodules increased with increased light intensity. Number of nodules followed the same pattern as sugars. However, fresh weight of nodules was not affected by light. For Elaeagnus umbellata, optimum shoot/root ratio occurred in plants grown under 70% light. Acetylene reduction rates were maximum in full sun, these rates were correlated with non-reducing sugars content in the nodules. However, greater total activity was obtained at 70% light, because of greater nodulation. Plants grown under light also had higher N content than plants grown in other treatments. Optimum growth of Elaeagnus angustifolia occurred towards high light intensities. Maximum rates of acetylene reduction and highest N content were obtained under full sun. However, number and fresh weight of nodules were not affected by light intensity. Results of these studies indicated that light intensity affected both growth and nitrogen fixation rates of actinorhizal species. However, there is an optimum intensity of which growth and nitrogen fixation are maximized which appears to be species-dependent with respect to light intensity. Supply of photsynthates through the light intensity appeared to be a factor in regulating nitrogen fixation rates, which in turn affected the growth in most of the species studied.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum growth of Alnus glutinosa occurred in plants grown in full sun.
- Taxon
- Alnus glutinosa
.jpg?width=60)
Alnus glutinosae0 - Treatment
- full-sun-grown plantse0
- Outcome
- Optimum growthe0
- Direction
- Optimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Optimum growth of Alnus glutinosa occurred in full-sun-grown plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetylene reduction rates of Alnus glutinosa were maximum in full sun.
- Taxon
- Alnus glutinosaAlnus glutinosae1
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- Acetylene reduction ratese0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Acetylene reduction rates also were maximum in full sun”
e1“Optimum growth of Alnus glutinosa occurred in full-sun-grown plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetylene reduction rates of Alnus glutinosa were highly correlated with chlorophyll content per unit leaf area, specific leaf weight and nodule starch content.
- Taxon
- Alnus glutinosaAlnus glutinosae1
- Compound
- chlorophylle0
- Outcome
- Acetylene reduction ratese0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Qualifier
- specific leaf weight and nodule starch contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Acetylene reduction rates also were maximum in full sun and were highly correlated with chlorophyll content per unit leaf area, specific leaf weight and nodule starch content”
e1“Optimum growth of Alnus glutinosa occurred in full-sun-grown plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Number and fresh weight of nodules of Alnus glutinosa were higher in full-sun-grown plants than at other light intensities.
- Taxon
- Alnus glutinosaAlnus glutinosae1
- Treatment
- full-sun-grown plantse0
- Outcome
- Number and fresh weight of nodulese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other light intensitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Number and fresh weight of nodules as well as total N content in the plants was higher in full-sun-grown plants than in other light intensities”
e1“Optimum growth of Alnus glutinosa occurred in full-sun-grown plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Total N content of Alnus glutinosa plants was higher in full-sun-grown plants than at other light intensities.
- Taxon
- Alnus glutinosaAlnus glutinosae1
- Treatment
- full-sun-grown plantse0
- Outcome
- total N content in the plantse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other light intensitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Number and fresh weight of nodules as well as total N content in the plants was higher in full-sun-grown plants than in other light intensities”
e1“Optimum growth of Alnus glutinosa occurred in full-sun-grown plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum growth of Myrica pensylvanica occurred in plants grown under 70% light intensity.
- Taxon
- Myrica pensylvanica
Morella pensylvanicae0 - Treatment
- 70% light intensitye0
- Outcome
- Optimum growthe0
- Direction
- Optimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimum growth of Myrica pensylvanica occurred in plants grown under 70% light intensity”
Claim · model-written summary
Myrica pensylvanica plants at 70% light had more chlorophyll per unit leaf area than plants grown in full sun.
- Taxon
- Myrica pensylvanicaMorella pensylvanicae1
- Treatment
- 70% light intensitye1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll per unit leaf areae0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- plants grown in full sune0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants in this treatment had more chlorophyll per unit leaf area, but less leaves than plants grown in full sun”
e1“Optimum growth of Myrica pensylvanica occurred in plants grown under 70% light intensity”
Claim · model-written summary
Myrica pensylvanica plants at 70% light had fewer leaves than plants grown in full sun.
- Taxon
- Myrica pensylvanicaMorella pensylvanicae1
- Treatment
- 70% light intensitye1
- Outcome
- leavese0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- plants grown in full sune0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants in this treatment had more chlorophyll per unit leaf area, but less leaves than plants grown in full sun”
e1“Optimum growth of Myrica pensylvanica occurred in plants grown under 70% light intensity”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetylene reduction rates of Myrica pensylvanica were maximum at 70% light.
- Taxon
- Myrica pensylvanicaMorella pensylvanicae1
- Treatment
- 70% lighte0
- Outcome
- Acetylene reduction ratese0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Acetylene reduction rates were maximum at 70% light”
e1“Optimum growth of Myrica pensylvanica occurred in plants grown under 70% light intensity”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing and non-reducing sugars in the nodules of Myrica pensylvanica increased with increased light intensity.
- Taxon
- Myrica pensylvanicaMorella pensylvanicae1
- Organ / stage
- nodulese0
- Treatment
- increased light intensitye0
- Outcome
- reducing and non-reducing sugarse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reducing and non-reducing sugars in the nodules increased with increased light intensity”
e1“Optimum growth of Myrica pensylvanica occurred in plants grown under 70% light intensity”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh weight of nodules of Myrica pensylvanica was not affected by light.
- Taxon
- Myrica pensylvanicaMorella pensylvanicae1
- Treatment
- lighte0
- Outcome
- fresh weight of nodulese0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fresh weight of nodules was not affected by light”
e1“Optimum growth of Myrica pensylvanica occurred in plants grown under 70% light intensity”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum shoot/root ratio of Elaeagnus umbellata occurred in plants grown under 70% light.
- Taxon
- Elaeagnus umbellata
Elaeagnus umbellatae0 - Treatment
- 70% lighte0
- Outcome
- optimum shoot/root ratioe0
- Direction
- optimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Elaeagnus umbellata, optimum shoot/root ratio occurred in plants grown under 70% light”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetylene reduction rates of Elaeagnus umbellata were maximum in full sun.
- Taxon
- Elaeagnus umbellataElaeagnus umbellatae1
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- Acetylene reduction ratese0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Acetylene reduction rates were maximum in full sun”
e1“For Elaeagnus umbellata, optimum shoot/root ratio occurred in plants grown under 70% light”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetylene reduction rates of Elaeagnus umbellata were correlated with non-reducing sugars content in the nodules.
- Taxon
- Elaeagnus umbellataElaeagnus umbellatae1
- Organ / stage
- nodulese0
- Compound
- non-reducing sugarse0
- Outcome
- Acetylene reduction ratese0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Acetylene reduction rates were maximum in full sun, these rates were correlated with non-reducing sugars content in the nodules”
e1“For Elaeagnus umbellata, optimum shoot/root ratio occurred in plants grown under 70% light”
Claim · model-written summary
Elaeagnus umbellata plants grown under light had higher N content than plants grown in other treatments.
- Taxon
- Elaeagnus umbellataElaeagnus umbellatae1
- Treatment
- Plants grown under lighte0
- Outcome
- N contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- plants grown in other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants grown under light also had higher N content than plants grown in other treatments”
e1“For Elaeagnus umbellata, optimum shoot/root ratio occurred in plants grown under 70% light”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum growth of Elaeagnus angustifolia occurred towards high light intensities.
- Taxon
- Elaeagnus angustifolia
Elaeagnus angustifoliae0 - Treatment
- high light intensitiese0
- Outcome
- Optimum growthe0
- Direction
- Optimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimum growth of Elaeagnus angustifolia occurred towards high light intensities”
Claim · model-written summary
Elaeagnus angustifolia had maximum acetylene reduction rates and highest N content under full sun.
- Taxon
- Elaeagnus angustifoliaElaeagnus angustifoliae1
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- Maximum rates of acetylene reduction and highest N contente0
- Direction
- Maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum rates of acetylene reduction and highest N content were obtained under full sun”
e1“Optimum growth of Elaeagnus angustifolia occurred towards high light intensities”
Claim · model-written summary
Number and fresh weight of nodules of Elaeagnus angustifolia were not affected by light intensity.
- Taxon
- Elaeagnus angustifoliaElaeagnus angustifoliae1
- Treatment
- light intensitye0
- Outcome
- number and fresh weight of nodulese0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number and fresh weight of nodules were not affected by light intensity”
e1“Optimum growth of Elaeagnus angustifolia occurred towards high light intensities”
Claim · model-written summary
Light intensity affected both growth and nitrogen fixation rates of the actinorhizal species studied.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Results of these studies indicated that light intensity affected both growth and nitrogen fixation rates of actinorhizal species”
Claim · model-written summary
Supply of photosynthates through light intensity appeared to regulate nitrogen fixation rates, which in turn affected growth in most of the species studied.
Verbatim
e0“Supply of photsynthates through the light intensity appeared to be a factor in regulating nitrogen fixation rates, which in turn affected the growth in most of the species studied”
t0“SELECTED WOODY ACTINORHIZAL SPECIES”
The same questions in other papers
light · symbiosis · Alnus glutinosaPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
light · growth · Alnus glutinosaPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.