Abstract
Abstract Interspecific interactions in intercropping can affect the yield of component crops, but little attention has been given to the dynamics of interspecific competition based on biomass accumulation in various management practices. A field experiment with wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)–maize ( Zea mays L.) intercropping was conducted to evaluate the interspecific competition with four types of straw management for wheat (no‐tillage with straw standing or mulched soil and conventional tillage with straw incorporation or no straw retained) and two methods of plastic mulching for maize (no‐tillage with residual plastic mulching [i.e., new at the beginning of the previous crop, old plastic mulched in season] and conventional tillage with annual new plastic mulching). Aboveground biomass of intercrops was sampled throughout the growing season and fit to a logistic growth model. Compared with sole‐cropping, intercropping significantly increased maximum biomass and maximum growth rate of wheat but suppressed vegetative and maximum growth rates of maize. Maize growth recovered after wheat was harvested when maize was blister kernel stage (R2). Straw mulching in wheat strips and residual plastic mulching in maize strips produced greater maximum biomass amount or rates of wheat and maize than that with conventional intercropping (conventional tillage with no straw retention in wheat strips and annual new plastic mulching in maize strips). Straw mulching in wheat strips and residual plastic mulching in maize strips enhanced total grain yields by 14.9% compared with conventional intercropping. Straw mulching in wheat strips and residual plastic mulch in maize strips are suitable for coordinating interspecies interactions and increasing the productivity of wheat–maize intercropping.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased wheat maximum biomass relative to sole cropping.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- maximum biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- sole‐croppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with sole‐cropping, intercropping significantly increased maximum biomass and maximum growth rate of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased wheat maximum growth rate relative to sole cropping.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- maximum growth ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- sole‐croppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with sole‐cropping, intercropping significantly increased maximum biomass and maximum growth rate of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping suppressed maize vegetative growth rate.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but suppressed vegetative and maximum growth rates of maize”
t0“intercropping”
t1“sole‐cropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping suppressed maize maximum growth rate.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but suppressed vegetative and maximum growth rates of maize”
t0“intercropping”
t1“sole‐cropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize growth recovered after wheat harvest at the blister kernel stage.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize growth recovered after wheat was harvested when maize was blister kernel stage (R2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw and residual plastic mulching produced greater maximum biomass of wheat and maize than conventional intercropping.
- Taxon
- wheat and maizeTriticum aestivum
Zea mayse0 - Treatment
- Straw mulching in wheat strips and residual plastic mulching in maize stripse0
- Outcome
- maximum biomass amounte0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- conventional intercroppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Straw mulching in wheat strips and residual plastic mulching in maize strips produced greater maximum biomass amount or rates of wheat and maize than that with conventional intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw and residual plastic mulching produced greater maximum biomass rates of wheat and maize than conventional intercropping.
- Taxon
- wheat and maizeTriticum aestivumZea mayse0
- Treatment
- Straw mulching in wheat strips and residual plastic mulching in maize stripse0
- Outcome
- rates of wheat and maizee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- conventional intercroppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Straw mulching in wheat strips and residual plastic mulching in maize strips produced greater maximum biomass amount or rates of wheat and maize than that with conventional intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw and residual plastic mulching raised total grain yields by 14.9% over conventional intercropping.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Straw mulching in wheat strips and residual plastic mulching in maize stripse0
- Outcome
- total grain yieldse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 14.9%e0
- Comparator
- conventional intercroppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Straw mulching in wheat strips and residual plastic mulching in maize strips enhanced total grain yields by 14.9% compared with conventional intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend straw mulch for wheat and residual plastic mulch for maize to improve intercrop productivity.
- Taxon
- wheat–maizeTriticum aestivumZea mayse0
- Outcome
- increasing the productivity of wheat–maize intercroppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Straw mulching in wheat strips and residual plastic mulch in maize strips are suitable for coordinating interspecies interactions and increasing the productivity of wheat–maize intercropping”
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See all 9 papers →8 of 17 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.