Abstract
Natural polymers(biogel) along with inert carriers were used to formulate two antagonistic bacterial isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis. Four different formulations i.e. biogel- vermiculite based powder (F1), biogel-talc based powder (F2), biogel- charcoal based powder (F3) and biogel wettable powder (F4) were developed. These formulations were tested for their shelf life efficiency as storage substrates of the two bioagents for 24 month and their ability to control root-rot disease of bean caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. Viability of P. fluorescens propagules in biogel- vermiculite based powder and biogel wettable powder was stable for up to 16 months and decreased sharply after 20 months .The populations in biogel-talc based powder and biogel- charcoal based powder were decreased beyond 1 year of storage. B.subtilis populations of viable propagules were stable for up to 2 years with minor differences in populations either in formulation types or the storage periods tested. Active colonization of bean rhizosphere was occurred by P. fluorescens and B. subtilis following seed coating or soil amendment with different formulations. The highest populationof Ps. fluorescens and B. subtilis, was found in seed coating treatment than soil amendment. Biogel- vermiculite based powder gave the highest rhizosphere population followed by biogel wettable powder for both bacteria. In general, seed coating treatment gave an obvious results than soil amendment in reducing root rot disease incidence. Seed coating with B. subtilis applied in biogel- vermiculite based powder was the most effective one in reducing the disease incidence . Soil treatment was more effective than seed coating in reducing the sclerotia formed by Sclerotium rolfsii. Soil treatment with B. subtilis applied in biogel- vermiculite based powder was the most one in reducing the number of sclerotia formed. However, Soil amendment with B, subtilis in biogel- vermiculite based powder was the most effective treatment than other formula.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens viability in vermiculite powder and wettable powder was stable up to 16 months, then fell sharply after 20 months.
- Taxon
- BEANt0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescens
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- Viability of P. fluorescens propagulese0
- Direction
- decreased sharplye0
- Value
- 20 monthse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“Viability of P. fluorescens propagules in biogel- vermiculite based powder and biogel wettable powder was stable for up to 16 months and decreased sharply after 20 months”
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens populations in talc and charcoal formulations decreased beyond one year.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“The populations in biogel-talc based powder and biogel- charcoal based powder were decreased beyond 1 year of storage”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis viable populations were stable up to two years across formulations and storage periods.
- Taxon
- BEANt0
- Interactor
- B.subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- populations of viable propagulese0
- Direction
- stablee0
- Value
- 2 yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“B.subtilis populations of viable propagules were stable for up to 2 years with minor differences in populations either in formulation types or the storage periods tested”
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens colonized the bean rhizosphere after seed coating or soil amendment.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Active colonization of bean rhizospheree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“Active colonization of bean rhizosphere was occurred by P. fluorescens and B. subtilis following seed coating or soil amendment with different formulations”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis colonized the bean rhizosphere after seed coating or soil amendment.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Active colonization of bean rhizospheree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“Active colonization of bean rhizosphere was occurred by P. fluorescens and B. subtilis following seed coating or soil amendment with different formulations”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed coating produced higher P. fluorescens populations than soil amendment.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“The highest populationof Ps. fluorescens and B. subtilis, was found in seed coating treatment than soil amendment”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed coating produced higher B. subtilis populations than soil amendment.
- Taxon
- BEANt0
- Treatment
- seed coating treatmente0
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- B. subtilise0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- soil amendmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“The highest populationof Ps. fluorescens and B. subtilis, was found in seed coating treatment than soil amendment”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermiculite powder gave the highest rhizosphere bacterial populations, followed by wettable powder.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“Biogel- vermiculite based powder gave the highest rhizosphere population followed by biogel wettable powder for both bacteria”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed coating reduced root rot incidence more than soil amendment.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“seed coating treatment gave an obvious results than soil amendment in reducing root rot disease incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis in vermiculite powder seed coating reduced disease incidence most effectively.
- Taxon
- BEANt0
- Treatment
- Seed coating with B. subtilis applied in biogel- vermiculite based powdere0
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“Seed coating with B. subtilis applied in biogel- vermiculite based powder was the most effective one in reducing the disease incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil treatment reduced Sclerotium rolfsii sclerotia more than seed coating.
- Taxon
- BEANt0
- Treatment
- Soil treatmente0
- Interactor
- Sclerotium rolfsii
Agroathelia rolfsiie0pathogen - Outcome
- sclerotia formed by Sclerotium rolfsiie0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Comparator
- seed coatinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“Soil treatment was more effective than seed coating in reducing the sclerotia formed by Sclerotium rolfsii”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil B. subtilis in vermiculite powder reduced sclerotia most.
- Taxon
- BEANt0
- Treatment
- Soil treatment with B. subtilis applied in biogel- vermiculite based powdere0
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- number of sclerotia formede0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“Soil treatment with B. subtilis applied in biogel- vermiculite based powder was the most one in reducing the number of sclerotia formed”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis vermiculite soil amendment was most effective among formulations.
Verbatim
t0“BEAN”
e0“Soil amendment with B, subtilis in biogel- vermiculite based powder was the most effective treatment than other formula”
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