Abstract
A low amount of organic matter and insufficient irrigation are two main challenges facing successful crop production in arid and semiarid regions. Application of biochar as an organic amendment to soil not only can help increase organic matter in soil, but also may alleviate adverse effects of water deficit on plant growth and yield production. To test this hypothesis, a two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of sugarcane biochar on yield and yield components of cowpea in water-deficient soil. Treatments consisted of two levels of seed treatment with nitroxin, three levels of biochar application (0, 4, and 8 ton/ha), and a threelevel irrigation regime (60, 90, and 120 mm from evaporation pan class A), laid out in a split-factorial design. Results showed that the seed number per plant was significantly higher in cowpea when grown with biochar, possibly due to the relief of water-deficient stress and higher phosphorus and potassium content. Biomass production of cowpea declined under a severe waterdeficit condition (ir3) compared to normal irrigation (ir1) in 2018 and 2019, decreasing by 39% and 42%, respectively. The maximum biomass obtained from application of 8 ton/ha biochar reached 617.43 and 664.92 g/m2 in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Seeds treated with nitroxin exhibited 10% and 8% greater biomass production in 2018 and 2019 as compared with control treatments. Seed yield increased with the addition of biochar to soil under all irrigation regimes; however, the maximum seed yield of 266.46 and 275.36 g/m2 was observed when there was no water-deficient stress condition and application of 8 ton/ha biochar in 2018 and 2019, respectively.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea grown with biochar had a significantly higher seed number per plant.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae2 - Treatment
- biochare2
- Outcome
- seed number per plante2
- Direction
- highere2
- Qualifier
- possibly due to the relief of water-deficient stresse2
- Setting
- field experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yield and yield components of Cowpea”
e1“a two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of sugarcane biochar on yield and yield components of cowpea in water-deficient soil”
e2“Results showed that the seed number per plant was significantly higher in cowpea when grown with biochar, possibly due to the relief of water-deficient stress and higher phosphorus and potassium content”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea biomass declined under severe water deficit (ir3) compared with normal irrigation (ir1) by 39% and 42% in 2018 and 2019.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae3
- Treatment
- severe waterdeficit condition (ir3)e3
- Outcome
- Biomass productione3
- Direction
- declinede3
- Value
- 39% and 42%e3
- Qualifier
- in 2018 and 2019e3
- Comparator
- normal irrigation (ir1)e3
- Setting
- field experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yield and yield components of Cowpea”
e1“a two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of sugarcane biochar on yield and yield components of cowpea in water-deficient soil”
e3“Biomass production of cowpea declined under a severe waterdeficit condition (ir3) compared to normal irrigation (ir1) in 2018 and 2019, decreasing by 39% and 42%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum biomass was obtained with 8 ton/ha biochar, reaching 617.43 and 664.92 g/m2 in 2018 and 2019.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- application of 8 ton/ha biochare4
- Outcome
- biomasse4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Value
- 617.43 and 664.92 g/m2e4
- Qualifier
- in 2018 and 2019, respectivelye4
- Setting
- field experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yield and yield components of Cowpea”
e1“a two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of sugarcane biochar on yield and yield components of cowpea in water-deficient soil”
e4“The maximum biomass obtained from application of 8 ton/ha biochar reached 617.43 and 664.92 g/m2 in 2018 and 2019, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds treated with nitroxin had 10% and 8% greater biomass than control treatments in 2018 and 2019.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Seeds treated with nitroxine5
- Outcome
- biomass productione5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Value
- 10% and 8%e5
- Qualifier
- in 2018 and 2019e5
- Comparator
- control treatmentse5
- Setting
- field experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yield and yield components of Cowpea”
e1“a two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of sugarcane biochar on yield and yield components of cowpea in water-deficient soil”
e5“Seeds treated with nitroxin exhibited 10% and 8% greater biomass production in 2018 and 2019 as compared with control treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed yield increased with biochar added to soil under all irrigation regimes.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- addition of biochar to soile6
- Outcome
- Seed yielde6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- under all irrigation regimese6
- Setting
- field experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yield and yield components of Cowpea”
e1“a two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of sugarcane biochar on yield and yield components of cowpea in water-deficient soil”
e6“Seed yield increased with the addition of biochar to soil under all irrigation regimes”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum seed yield, 266.46 and 275.36 g/m2 in 2018 and 2019, was observed with no water deficit and 8 ton/ha biochar.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- application of 8 ton/ha biochare7
- Outcome
- seed yielde7
- Direction
- maximume7
- Value
- 266.46 and 275.36 g/m2e7
- Qualifier
- when there was no water-deficient stress conditione7
- Setting
- field experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yield and yield components of Cowpea”
e1“a two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of sugarcane biochar on yield and yield components of cowpea in water-deficient soil”
e7“the maximum seed yield of 266.46 and 275.36 g/m2 was observed when there was no water-deficient stress condition and application of 8 ton/ha biochar in 2018 and 2019, respectively”
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