Abstract
In pea (Pisum sativum L.), moderate heat stress during early flowering/fruit set increased seed/ovule abortion, and concomitantly produced fruits with reduced ovary (pericarp) length, and fewer seeds at maturity. Plant hormonal networks coordinate seed and pericarp growth and development. To determine if these hormonal networks are modulated in response to heat stress, we analyzed the gene expression patterns and associated these patterns with precursors, and bioactive and inactive metabolites of the auxin, gibberellin (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), and ethylene biosynthesis/catabolism pathways in young developing seeds and pericarps of non-stressed and 4-day heat-stressed fruits. Our data suggest that within the developing seeds heat stress decreased bioactive GA levels reducing GA growth-related processes, and that increased ethylene levels may have promoted this inhibitory response. In contrast, heat stress increased auxin biosynthesis gene expression and auxin levels in the seeds and pericarps, and seed ABA levels, both effects can increase seed sink strength. We hypothesize that seeds with higher auxin- and ABA-induced sink strength and adequate bioactive GA levels will set and continue to grow, while the seeds with lower sink strength (low auxin, ABA, and GA levels) will become more sensitive to heat stress-induced ethylene leading to ovule/seed abortion.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate heat stress increased pea seed and ovule abortion.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Organ / stage
- early flowering/fruit sete0
- Treatment
- moderate heat stresse0
- Outcome
- seed/ovule abortione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In pea (Pisum sativum L.), moderate heat stress during early flowering/fruit set increased seed/ovule abortion”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reduced pea ovary length.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- moderate heat stresse0
- Outcome
- ovary (pericarp) lengthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“moderate heat stress during early flowering/fruit set increased seed/ovule abortion, and concomitantly produced fruits with reduced ovary (pericarp) length, and fewer seeds at maturity”
t0“In pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress produced fewer pea seeds at maturity.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- moderate heat stresse0
- Outcome
- seeds at maturitye0
- Direction
- fewere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“moderate heat stress during early flowering/fruit set increased seed/ovule abortion, and concomitantly produced fruits with reduced ovary (pericarp) length, and fewer seeds at maturity”
t0“In pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress decreased bioactive GA levels in developing pea seeds.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- developing seedse0
- Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- bioactive GA levelse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“within the developing seeds heat stress decreased bioactive GA levels reducing GA growth-related processes”
t0“In pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower bioactive GA under heat stress was suggested to reduce growth-related processes in pea seeds.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- developing seedse0
- Compound
- bioactive GAe0
- Outcome
- GA growth-related processese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“within the developing seeds heat stress decreased bioactive GA levels reducing GA growth-related processes”
t0“In pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased ethylene levels may have promoted the inhibitory growth response in pea seeds.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Compound
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- inhibitory responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased ethylene levels may have promoted this inhibitory response”
t0“In pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress increased auxin biosynthesis gene expression in pea seeds and pericarps.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- seeds and pericarpse0
- Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- auxin biosynthesis gene expressione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heat stress increased auxin biosynthesis gene expression and auxin levels in the seeds and pericarps”
t0“In pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress increased auxin levels in pea seeds and pericarps.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- seeds and pericarpse0
- Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- auxin levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heat stress increased auxin biosynthesis gene expression and auxin levels in the seeds and pericarps”
t0“In pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress increased ABA levels in pea seeds.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- seed ABA levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heat stress increased auxin biosynthesis gene expression and auxin levels in the seeds and pericarps, and seed ABA levels”
t0“In pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased auxin and ABA may raise pea seed sink strength.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- seed sink strengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- both effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both effects can increase seed sink strength”
t0“In pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
The same questions in other papers
heat · physiology: hormones · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
heat · phenology · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.