Abstract
The selection of stress-resistant cultivars, to be used in breeding programmes aimed at enhancing the drought and salt tolerance of our major crops, is an urgent need for agriculture in a climate change scenario. In the present study, the responses to water deficit and salt stress treatments, regarding growth inhibition and leaf proline (Pro) contents, were analysed in 47 Phaseolus vulgaris genotypes of different origins. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson moment correlations and principal component analyses (PCAs) were performed on all measured traits, to assess the general responses to stress of the investigated genotypes. For most analysed growth variables and Pro, the effects of cultivar, treatment and their interactions were highly significant (p < 0.001); the root morphological traits, stem diameter and the number of leaves were mostly due to uncontrolled variation, whereas the variation of fresh weight and water content of stems and leaves was clearly induced by stress. Under our experimental conditions, the average effects of salt stress on plant growth were relatively weaker than those of water deficit. In both cases, however, growth inhibition was mostly reflected in the stress-induced reduction of fresh weight and water contents of stems and leaves. Pro, on the other hand, was the only variable showing a negative correlation with all growth parameters, but particularly with those of stems and leaves mentioned above, as indicated by the Pearson correlation coefficients and the loading plots of the PCAs. Therefore, in common beans, higher stress-induced accumulation of Pro is unequivocally associated with a stronger inhibition of growth; that is, with a higher sensitivity to stress of the corresponding cultivar. We propose the use of Pro as a suitable biochemical marker for simple, rapid, large-scale screenings of bean genotypes, to exclude the most sensitive, those accumulating higher Pro concentrations in response to water or salt stress treatments.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar, treatment, and their interactions significantly affected most growth variables and proline.
- Taxon
- Common Bean
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Outcome
- most analysed growth variables and Proe0
- Qualifier
- cultivar, treatment and their interactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For most analysed growth variables and Pro, the effects of cultivar, treatment and their interactions were highly significant (p < 0.001)”
t0“Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Root morphological traits, stem diameter and leaf number varied mostly for uncontrolled reasons.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- root morphological traits, stem diameter and the number of leavese0
- Qualifier
- uncontrolled variatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the root morphological traits, stem diameter and the number of leaves were mostly due to uncontrolled variation”
t0“Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress clearly induced variation in stem and leaf fresh weight and water content.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- fresh weight and water content of stems and leavese0
- Qualifier
- stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the variation of fresh weight and water content of stems and leaves was clearly induced by stress”
t0“Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress inhibited growth less than water deficit under the experimental conditions.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- relatively weakere0
- Comparator
- water deficite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under our experimental conditions, the average effects of salt stress on plant growth were relatively weaker than those of water deficit”
t0“Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress reduced stem and leaf fresh weight and water content.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- stresse0
- Outcome
- fresh weight and water contents of stems and leavese0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth inhibition was mostly reflected in the stress-induced reduction of fresh weight and water contents of stems and leaves”
t0“Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline correlated negatively with all growth parameters, especially stem and leaf measures.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Compound
- Proe0
- Outcome
- all growth parameterse0
- Direction
- negative correlatione0
- Qualifier
- particularly with those of stems and leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pro, on the other hand, was the only variable showing a negative correlation with all growth parameters, but particularly with those of stems and leaves mentioned above”
t0“Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher stress-induced proline accumulation was associated with stronger growth inhibition and stress sensitivity.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Compound
- Proe0
- Outcome
- inhibition of growthe0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Qualifier
- higher sensitivity to stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher stress-induced accumulation of Pro is unequivocally associated with a stronger inhibition of growth; that is, with a higher sensitivity to stress of the corresponding cultivar”
t0“Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose proline for screening out the most stress-sensitive bean genotypes.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- use of Pro as a suitable biochemical marker for simple, rapid, large-scale screenings of bean genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We propose the use of Pro as a suitable biochemical marker for simple, rapid, large-scale screenings of bean genotypes, to exclude the most sensitive, those accumulating higher Pro concentrations in response to water or salt stress treatments”
t0“Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ
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