Abstract
Rice yield potential is largely determined by the balance among source capacity, sink strength, and flow fluency. Our previous study indicated that the gene GNP1 encoding gibberellin biosynthesis gene GA20ox1 affects grain number per panicle (GNP) in rice, thus resulting in increase of grain yield. To clarify GNP1 effect on sink, source and flow in regulating rice grain yield, we compared Lemont, a japonica (geng) cultivar, with its near-isogenic line (NIL-GNP1TQ) in Lemont background with introgression of the allele at GNP1 from Teqing, a high-yielding indica (xian) cultivar. NIL-GNP1TQ exhibited averagely 32.8% more GNP than Lemont with the compensation by reduced seed setting rate, panicle number and single-grain weight. However, NIL-GNP1TQ still produced averagely 7.2% higher grain yield than Lemont in two years, mainly attributed to significantly more filled grain number per panicle, and greater vascular system contributing to photoassimilates transport to spikelets. The significantly decreased grain weight of superior spikelets (SS) in NIL-GNP1TQ was ascribed to a significant decrease of grain size while the significantly decreased grain weight of inferior spikelets (IS) ascribed to both grain size and poor grain-filling as compared with Lemont. The low activities of key enzymes of carbon metabolism might account for the poor grain-filling in IS, which resulted in more unfilled grains or small grain bulk density in NIL-GNP1TQ. In addition, low seed setting rate and grain weight of IS in NIL-GNP1TQ might be partially resulted from significantly lower carbohydrate accumulation in culms and leaf sheath before heading compared with Lemont. Our results indicated that significantly increased GNP from introgression of GNP1TQ into Lemont did not highly significantly improve grain yield of NIL-GNP1TQ as expected, due primarily to significant low sink activities in IS and possible insufficient source supply which didn’t fully meet the increased sink capacity. The results provided useful information for improving rice yield potential through reasonably introgressing or pyramiding the favorable alleles underlying source-related or panicle number traits by marker-assisted selection.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
NIL-GNP1TQ had 32.8% more grains per panicle than Lemont.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- NIL-GNP1TQe0
- Gene
- GNP1e0
- Outcome
- GNPe0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 32.8%e0
- Comparator
- Lemonte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NIL-GNP1TQ exhibited averagely 32.8% more GNP than Lemont”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL-GNP1TQ had reduced seed setting rate relative to Lemont.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- NIL-GNP1TQe0
- Outcome
- seed setting ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- Lemonte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NIL-GNP1TQ exhibited averagely 32.8% more GNP than Lemont with the compensation by reduced seed setting rate, panicle number and single-grain weight”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL-GNP1TQ had reduced panicle number relative to Lemont.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- NIL-GNP1TQe0
- Outcome
- panicle numbere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- Lemonte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NIL-GNP1TQ exhibited averagely 32.8% more GNP than Lemont with the compensation by reduced seed setting rate, panicle number and single-grain weight”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL-GNP1TQ had reduced single-grain weight relative to Lemont.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- NIL-GNP1TQe0
- Outcome
- single-grain weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- Lemonte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NIL-GNP1TQ exhibited averagely 32.8% more GNP than Lemont with the compensation by reduced seed setting rate, panicle number and single-grain weight”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL-GNP1TQ yielded 7.2% more grain than Lemont over two years.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- NIL-GNP1TQe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 7.2%e0
- Qualifier
- in two yearse0
- Comparator
- Lemonte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NIL-GNP1TQ still produced averagely 7.2% higher grain yield than Lemont in two years”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL-GNP1TQ had significantly more filled grains per panicle.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- filled grain number per paniclee0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly more filled grain number per panicle”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL-GNP1TQ had a greater vascular system contributing to photoassimilate transport.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- vascular systeme0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- contributing to photoassimilates transport to spikeletse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greater vascular system contributing to photoassimilates transport to spikelets”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Superior spikelets of NIL-GNP1TQ had significantly lower grain weight and grain size than Lemont.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- NIL-GNP1TQe0
- Organ / stage
- superior spikeletse0
- Outcome
- grain weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- significant decrease of grain sizee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly decreased grain weight of superior spikelets (SS) in NIL-GNP1TQ was ascribed to a significant decrease of grain size”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Inferior spikelets of NIL-GNP1TQ had significantly lower grain weight associated with smaller size and poor filling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- inferior spikeletse0
- Outcome
- grain weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- both grain size and poor grain-fillinge0
- Comparator
- Lemonte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly decreased grain weight of inferior spikelets (IS) ascribed to both grain size and poor grain-filling as compared with Lemont”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Low carbon metabolism enzyme activities might account for poor inferior-spikelet filling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- ISe0
- Outcome
- poor grain-fillinge0
- Qualifier
- low activities of key enzymes of carbon metabolisme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low activities of key enzymes of carbon metabolism might account for the poor grain-filling in IS”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL-GNP1TQ had more unfilled grains associated with poor inferior-spikelet filling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- NIL-GNP1TQe0
- Outcome
- unfilled grainse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Qualifier
- poor grain-filling in ISe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“poor grain-filling in IS, which resulted in more unfilled grains or small grain bulk density in NIL-GNP1TQ”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL-GNP1TQ had small grain bulk density associated with poor inferior-spikelet filling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- NIL-GNP1TQe0
- Outcome
- grain bulk densitye0
- Direction
- smalle0
- Qualifier
- poor grain-filling in ISe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“poor grain-filling in IS, which resulted in more unfilled grains or small grain bulk density in NIL-GNP1TQ”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NIL-GNP1TQ had significantly lower carbohydrate accumulation in culms and leaf sheaths before heading.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- culms and leaf sheathe0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate accumulatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- before headinge0
- Comparator
- Lemonte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly lower carbohydrate accumulation in culms and leaf sheath before heading compared with Lemont”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest introgressing or pyramiding favorable alleles for source or panicle-number traits to improve rice yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- improving rice yield potentiale0
- Qualifier
- reasonably introgressing or pyramiding the favorable alleles underlying source-related or panicle number traits by marker-assisted selectione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improving rice yield potential through reasonably introgressing or pyramiding the favorable alleles underlying source-related or panicle number traits by marker-assisted selection”
t0“Rice”