Paper · 2020 · New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

Fortification of tomato with Ca and its effects on the fruit quality, calcium status and nutraceutical values of tomato in different NO 3 :NH 4 ratios

Somayeh Gholamnejad; Maryam Haghighi; Nematollah Etemadi; et al.

9
claims
19
verbatim quotes
3
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nitrogen source and calcium on tomato. A soilless culture experiment was accordingly carried out using four different ratios of NO 3 :NH 4 (N1 = 1:0, N2 = 3:1, N3 = 1:1, N4 = 1:3) and three concentrations of Ca (2, 4, and 8 mmol/l) to grow the tomato fruits. The results showed that the Ca application increased the Ca levels in the fruits, yield, total amino acid, and auxin hormone of the fruits; however, Ca application decreased Pectin Methyl Esteras activity and the ABA hormone. The highest levels of nitrate and ammonium content were observed in the fruits exposed to N1 and N2 treatments, respectively. At the highest level of calcium, the fruits were more spherical, and the quality and yield of the tomato fruits were improved. The nutraceutical values of the tomato fruits, including amino acid content and composition, and the Ca level were increased, while nitrate accumulation was decreased in 8 mmol L −1 Ca and NO 3 : NH 4 (100/0).

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Calcium application increased fruit Ca levels, yield and total amino acid in tomato.

Organ / stage
fruitse3
Treatment
Ca applicatione3
Outcome
Ca levels in the fruits, yield, total amino acide3
Direction
increasede3
Setting
soilless culturee2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nitrogen source and calcium on tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–102 · show in text ↑
e2

“A soilless culture experiment was accordingly carried out”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 104–161 · show in text ↑
e3

“The results showed that the Ca application increased the Ca levels in the fruits, yield, total amino acid, and auxin hormone of the fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–462 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Calcium application increased auxin hormone content of the fruits.

Organ / stage
fruitse3
Treatment
Ca applicatione3
Compound
auxine3
Outcome
auxin hormone of the fruitse3
Direction
increasede3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nitrogen source and calcium on tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–102 · show in text ↑
e3

“The results showed that the Ca application increased the Ca levels in the fruits, yield, total amino acid, and auxin hormone of the fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–462 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Calcium application decreased Pectin Methyl Esterase activity and ABA hormone.

Treatment
Ca applicatione4
Outcome
Pectin Methyl Esteras activity and the ABA hormonee4
Direction
decreasede4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nitrogen source and calcium on tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–102 · show in text ↑
e4

“however, Ca application decreased Pectin Methyl Esteras activity and the ABA hormone”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 464–548 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrate content was highest in fruits exposed to the N1 treatment.

Organ / stage
fruitse5
Treatment
N1e5
Outcome
nitrate and ammonium contente5
Direction
highest levelse5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nitrogen source and calcium on tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–102 · show in text ↑
e5

“The highest levels of nitrate and ammonium content were observed in the fruits exposed to N1 and N2 treatments, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 550–674 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ammonium content was highest in fruits exposed to the N2 treatment.

Organ / stage
fruitse5
Treatment
N2e5
Outcome
nitrate and ammonium contente5
Direction
highest levelse5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nitrogen source and calcium on tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–102 · show in text ↑
e5

“The highest levels of nitrate and ammonium content were observed in the fruits exposed to N1 and N2 treatments, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 550–674 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At the highest calcium level, the fruits were more spherical.

Treatment
highest level of calciume6
Outcome
the fruitse6
Direction
more sphericale6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nitrogen source and calcium on tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–102 · show in text ↑
e6

“At the highest level of calcium, the fruits were more spherical, and the quality and yield of the tomato fruits were improved”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 676–801 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At the highest calcium level, the quality and yield of tomato fruits improved.

Treatment
highest level of calciume6
Outcome
quality and yield of the tomato fruitse6
Direction
improvede6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nitrogen source and calcium on tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–102 · show in text ↑
e6

“At the highest level of calcium, the fruits were more spherical, and the quality and yield of the tomato fruits were improved”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 676–801 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 8 mmol/l Ca with NO3:NH4 100/0, amino acid content and composition and Ca level of fruits were increased.

Treatment
8 mmol L −1 Cae7
Outcome
amino acid content and composition, and the Ca levele7
Direction
were increasede7

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nitrogen source and calcium on tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–102 · show in text ↑
e7

“The nutraceutical values of the tomato fruits, including amino acid content and composition, and the Ca level were increased, while nitrate accumulation was decreased in 8 mmol L −1 Ca and NO 3 : NH 4 (100/0)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–1011 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 8 mmol/l Ca with NO3:NH4 100/0, nitrate accumulation in fruits was decreased.

Treatment
8 mmol L −1 Cae7
Outcome
nitrate accumulatione7
Direction
was decreasede7

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nitrogen source and calcium on tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–102 · show in text ↑
e7

“The nutraceutical values of the tomato fruits, including amino acid content and composition, and the Ca level were increased, while nitrate accumulation was decreased in 8 mmol L −1 Ca and NO 3 : NH 4 (100/0)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–1011 · show in text ↑

calcium atom · nutrient: content · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

53 papers: 43 positive, 10 negative or no effect

42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

49 papers more in this group

See all 53 papers →

calcium atom · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

79 papers: 67 positive, 12 negative or no effect

66 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

75 papers more in this group

See all 79 papers →

calcium atom · quality: general · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

14 papers: 13 positive, 1 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

10 papers more in this group

See all 14 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.