Abstract
AS LONG as we know, little attention has been given to evaluating roles of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) in plants grown under salinity stress. In the present study, biochemical and molecular responses of salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111 under different ZnONPs were assessed. Treatment with a high NaCl concentration (250mM) alone caused a significant reduction (65%) in germination percentage as well as a significant decrease in all measured growth parameters (root length, shoot height, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots) and photosynthetic performance (Fv/Fm) compared to control plants. In contrast, malondialdehyde (MDA) & proline contents, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase CAT, peroxidase POX and superoxide dismutase SOD) were highly increased. In contrast, presoaking of soybean seeds with different concentrations of ZnONPs (25, 50, 100, 200mg/L) stimulated the growth of stressed plants which was exhibited by improved growth parameters and photosynthetic performance as well as lower levels of proline and MDA in stressed plants particularly at ZnONPs concentration of 50 mg/L compared to controls. Moreover, isozyme analysis of CAT, POX and SOD showed variable pattern of alleles at 50mg/L ZnONPs. Accordingly, these results recommend application of 50mg/L ZnONPs for improving the productivity of soybean cultivated in saline soils.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment of soybean with 250 mM NaCl alone significantly reduced germination percentage by 65% compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Material
- Giza111e0
- Treatment
- high NaCl concentration (250mM)e1
- Outcome
- germination percentagee1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 65%e1
- Comparator
- control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111”
e1“Treatment with a high NaCl concentration (250mM) alone caused a significant reduction (65%) in germination percentage”
e2“compared to control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
250 mM NaCl significantly decreased soybean root length, shoot height compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Giza111e0
- Treatment
- high NaCl concentration (250mM)e2
- Outcome
- root length, shoot heighte1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Comparator
- control plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111”
e1“a significant decrease in all measured growth parameters (root length, shoot height, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots)”
e2“a high NaCl concentration (250mM)”
e3“compared to control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
250 mM NaCl significantly decreased soybean fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Giza111e0
- Treatment
- high NaCl concentration (250mM)e2
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weight of roots and shootse1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Comparator
- control plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111”
e1“a significant decrease in all measured growth parameters (root length, shoot height, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots)”
e2“a high NaCl concentration (250mM)”
e3“compared to control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
250 mM NaCl significantly decreased photosynthetic performance (Fv/Fm) of soybean compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Giza111e0
- Treatment
- high NaCl concentration (250mM)e2
- Outcome
- photosynthetic performance (Fv/Fm)e1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Comparator
- control plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111”
e1“a significant decrease in all measured growth parameters (root length, shoot height, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots) and photosynthetic performance (Fv/Fm)”
e2“a high NaCl concentration (250mM)”
e3“compared to control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under NaCl stress, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents were highly increased in soybean relative to control plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Giza111e0
- Treatment
- high NaCl concentration (250mM)e2
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) & proline contentse1
- Direction
- highly increasede1
- Comparator
- control plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111”
e1“malondialdehyde (MDA) & proline contents, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase CAT, peroxidase POX and superoxide dismutase SOD) were highly increased”
e2“a high NaCl concentration (250mM)”
e3“compared to control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under NaCl stress, activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POX, SOD) were highly increased in soybean relative to control plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Giza111e0
- Treatment
- high NaCl concentration (250mM)e2
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymese1
- Direction
- highly increasede1
- Comparator
- control plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111”
e1“malondialdehyde (MDA) & proline contents, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase CAT, peroxidase POX and superoxide dismutase SOD) were highly increased”
e2“a high NaCl concentration (250mM)”
e3“compared to control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Presoaking soybean seeds with ZnONPs improved growth parameters of salt-stressed plants compared with controls.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Giza111e0
- Treatment
- presoaking of soybean seeds with different concentrations of ZnONPs (25, 50, 100, 200mg/L)e2
- Outcome
- growth parameterse1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- controlse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111”
e2“presoaking of soybean seeds with different concentrations of ZnONPs (25, 50, 100, 200mg/L)”
e1“improved growth parameters and photosynthetic performance”
e4“compared to controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Presoaking soybean seeds with ZnONPs improved photosynthetic performance of salt-stressed plants compared with controls.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Giza111e0
- Treatment
- presoaking of soybean seeds with different concentrations of ZnONPs (25, 50, 100, 200mg/L)e2
- Outcome
- photosynthetic performancee1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- controlse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111”
e2“presoaking of soybean seeds with different concentrations of ZnONPs (25, 50, 100, 200mg/L)”
e1“improved growth parameters and photosynthetic performance”
e4“compared to controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Presoaking soybean seeds with ZnONPs lowered proline and MDA levels in salt-stressed plants compared with controls.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Giza111e0
- Treatment
- presoaking of soybean seeds with different concentrations of ZnONPs (25, 50, 100, 200mg/L)e2
- Outcome
- levels of proline and MDAe1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- controlse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111”
e2“presoaking of soybean seeds with different concentrations of ZnONPs (25, 50, 100, 200mg/L)”
e1“lower levels of proline and MDA in stressed plants”
e4“compared to controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Isozyme analysis of CAT, POX and SOD showed a variable pattern of alleles at 50 mg/L ZnONPs.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Giza111e0
- Treatment
- 50mg/L ZnONPse1
- Gene
- CAT, POX and SODe1
- Outcome
- variable pattern of allelese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt-stressed soybean cv. Giza111”
e1“isozyme analysis of CAT, POX and SOD showed variable pattern of alleles at 50mg/L ZnONPs”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 50 mg/L ZnONPs is recommended for improving the productivity of soybean cultivated in saline soils.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- 50mg/L ZnONPse1
- Outcome
- improving the productivitye1
- Setting
- saline soilse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“these results recommend application of 50mg/L ZnONPs for improving the productivity of soybean cultivated in saline soils”
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