Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND Persistent water shortage, typical of Mediterranean agricultural systems, has driven production methods towards the use of regulated deficit irrigation (DI) strategies, which may allow important water savings. To evaluate the extent to which pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’) attributes may differ depending on the irrigation application rates, we investigated the effect of four different irrigation regimes (100, 75, 50, and 25% of maximum crop evapotranspiration – ET C ) on their morpho‐pomological, physico‐chemical properties, and bioactive compounds. RESULTS The weight and the size of whole fruits, and the number of arils and their weight per fruit, decreased significantly with the restriction of ET C water volumes applied to the crop. Minor differences were observed in soluble solids, pH, color of fruit skins, arils, and juices, although total acidity, maturity index, vitamin C, glucose, and fructose were not affected. However, total phenol content and antioxidant activity in juices were higher in the samples subjected to the DI treatments than in those submitted to full irrigation, showing the highest value at 50% ET C . A similar trend was found for anthocyanins delphinidin‐3,5‐diglucoside and delphinidin‐3‐glucoside, reaching the highest concentration at 50% ET C . Among non‐anthocyanin compounds, punicalagins and pedunculagin were more concentrated in the 75% ETc samples. CONCLUSION The results of the present study indicate that the DI strategy throughout all the growing season is likely to have important implication for the pomegranate's physical, chemical, and phytochemical properties. Knowledge of them is useful in view of their processing and nutritional properties. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Restricting crop water below full irrigation significantly decreased whole-fruit weight and size in pomegranate.
- Taxon
- pomegranate
Punica granatume0 - Treatment
- restriction of ET C water volumese1
- Outcome
- weight and the size of whole fruitse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- full irrigatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’)”
e1“The weight and the size of whole fruits, and the number of arils and their weight per fruit, decreased significantly with the restriction of ET C water volumes applied to the crop”
e2“than in those submitted to full irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Restricting crop water below full irrigation significantly decreased aril number and aril weight per fruit in pomegranate.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- restriction of ET C water volumese1
- Outcome
- the number of arils and their weight per fruite1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- full irrigatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’)”
e1“The weight and the size of whole fruits, and the number of arils and their weight per fruit, decreased significantly with the restriction of ET C water volumes applied to the crop”
e2“than in those submitted to full irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation treatments increased total phenol content and antioxidant activity in pomegranate juice compared with full irrigation, highest at 50% ETc.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- DI treatmentse3
- Outcome
- total phenol content and antioxidant activity in juicese3
- Direction
- highere3
- Qualifier
- showing the highest value at 50% ET Ce3
- Comparator
- full irrigatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’)”
e3“total phenol content and antioxidant activity in juices were higher in the samples subjected to the DI treatments than in those submitted to full irrigation, showing the highest value at 50% ET C”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation increased the anthocyanins delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside and delphinidin-3-glucoside, which reached their highest concentration at 50% ETc.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- restriction of ET C water volumese1
- Outcome
- anthocyanins delphinidin‐3,5‐diglucoside and delphinidin‐3‐glucosidee4
- Direction
- reaching the highest concentratione4
- Comparator
- full irrigatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’)”
e1“The weight and the size of whole fruits, and the number of arils and their weight per fruit, decreased significantly with the restriction of ET C water volumes applied to the crop”
e2“than in those submitted to full irrigation”
e4“A similar trend was found for anthocyanins delphinidin‐3,5‐diglucoside and delphinidin‐3‐glucoside, reaching the highest concentration at 50% ET C”
Claim · model-written summary
Punicalagins and pedunculagin were more concentrated in the 75% ETc samples.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- restriction of ET C water volumese1
- Outcome
- punicalagins and pedunculagine5
- Direction
- more concentratede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’)”
e1“The weight and the size of whole fruits, and the number of arils and their weight per fruit, decreased significantly with the restriction of ET C water volumes applied to the crop”
e5“Among non‐anthocyanin compounds, punicalagins and pedunculagin were more concentrated in the 75% ETc samples”
Claim · model-written summary
Total acidity, maturity index and vitamin C were not affected by irrigation regime in pomegranate.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- restriction of ET C water volumese1
- Outcome
- total acidity, maturity index, vitamin Ce6
- Direction
- not affectede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’)”
e1“The weight and the size of whole fruits, and the number of arils and their weight per fruit, decreased significantly with the restriction of ET C water volumes applied to the crop”
e6“Minor differences were observed in soluble solids, pH, color of fruit skins, arils, and juices, although total acidity, maturity index, vitamin C, glucose, and fructose were not affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose and fructose were not affected by irrigation regime in pomegranate.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- restriction of ET C water volumese1
- Outcome
- glucose, and fructosee6
- Direction
- not affectede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’)”
e1“The weight and the size of whole fruits, and the number of arils and their weight per fruit, decreased significantly with the restriction of ET C water volumes applied to the crop”
e6“Minor differences were observed in soluble solids, pH, color of fruit skins, arils, and juices, although total acidity, maturity index, vitamin C, glucose, and fructose were not affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble solids showed only minor differences among irrigation regimes in pomegranate.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- restriction of ET C water volumese1
- Outcome
- soluble solidse6
- Qualifier
- Minor differencese6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’)”
e1“The weight and the size of whole fruits, and the number of arils and their weight per fruit, decreased significantly with the restriction of ET C water volumes applied to the crop”
e6“Minor differences were observed in soluble solids, pH, color of fruit skins, arils, and juices, although total acidity, maturity index, vitamin C, glucose, and fructose were not affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Colour of fruit skins, arils and juices showed only minor differences among irrigation regimes in pomegranate.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- restriction of ET C water volumese1
- Outcome
- color of fruit skins, arils, and juicese6
- Qualifier
- Minor differencese6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’)”
e1“The weight and the size of whole fruits, and the number of arils and their weight per fruit, decreased significantly with the restriction of ET C water volumes applied to the crop”
e6“Minor differences were observed in soluble solids, pH, color of fruit skins, arils, and juices, although total acidity, maturity index, vitamin C, glucose, and fructose were not affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation throughout the growing season is likely to have important implications for the physical, chemical and phytochemical properties of pomegranate.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Outcome
- physical, chemical, and phytochemical propertiese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pomegranate (cv. ‘Wonderful’)”
e7“The results of the present study indicate that the DI strategy throughout all the growing season is likely to have important implication for the pomegranate's physical, chemical, and phytochemical properties”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · quality: phytochemicals · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
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