Abstract
Studies on crop responses to soil acidity have largely neglected the germination and seedling establishment stages. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of soil acidity, including aluminium per se and acid saturation, on germination, emergence and establishment of groundnut seeds. Germination was carried out on groundnut cultivars Harts, Jasper and Rambo under 0, 50, 100 and 200 μM Al applied as Al2 (SO4)3.18H2O at pH between 4.2 and 4.5. Seedling emergence and establishment were examined in 0, 3 and 6 g of dolomitic lime per kg of soil, representing control, 50% lime requirement and 100% lime requirement, respectively. High Al concentration of 200 μM reduced germination, germination velocity index and seminal root length but had no influence on mean germination time of all groundnut cultivars. There were highly significant differences (P<0.001) in seedling emergence between non-limed and limed soils. Root length and mass were significantly (P<0.05) reduced at high soil acidity but the cultivar Rambo was least susceptible. We conclude that the germination, emergence and establishment stages were negatively affected by high Al levels and acid saturation but the cultivars showed different tolerance levels to high acid saturation, and proper liming can ameliorate the problems associated with these growth stages. Key words: acid saturation, aluminium, establishment, peanuts, tolerance
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
High Al (200 μM) reduced germination, germination velocity index and seminal root length of groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Material
- Harts, Jasper and Ramboe0
- Treatment
- High Al concentration of 200 μMe1
- Outcome
- germination, germination velocity index and seminal root lengthe1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination was carried out on groundnut cultivars Harts, Jasper and Rambo”
e1“High Al concentration of 200 μM reduced germination, germination velocity index and seminal root length but had no influence on mean germination time of all groundnut cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
High Al (200 μM) had no influence on mean germination time of groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- High Al concentration of 200 μMe1
- Outcome
- mean germination timee1
- Direction
- no influencee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“High Al concentration of 200 μM reduced germination, germination velocity index and seminal root length but had no influence on mean germination time of all groundnut cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling emergence differed significantly between limed and non-limed soils.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- limed soilse2
- Outcome
- seedling emergencee2
- Qualifier
- P<0.001e2
- Comparator
- non-limede2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination was carried out on groundnut cultivars Harts, Jasper and Rambo”
e2“There were highly significant differences (P<0.001) in seedling emergence between non-limed and limed soils”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil acidity reduced root length and mass of groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Organ / stage
- Roote3
- Treatment
- high soil aciditye3
- Outcome
- Root length and masse3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Qualifier
- P<0.05e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination was carried out on groundnut cultivars Harts, Jasper and Rambo”
e3“Root length and mass were significantly (P<0.05) reduced at high soil acidity”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar Rambo was the least susceptible of the tested groundnut cultivars to high soil acidity.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- Ramboe4
- Outcome
- susceptiblee4
- Direction
- leaste4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination was carried out on groundnut cultivars Harts, Jasper and Rambo”
e4“but the cultivar Rambo was least susceptible”
Claim · model-written summary
Proper liming can ameliorate the problems of groundnut at germination, emergence and establishment.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- proper liminge5
- Outcome
- ameliorate the problemse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination was carried out on groundnut cultivars Harts, Jasper and Rambo”
e5“proper liming can ameliorate the problems associated with these growth stages”
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