Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted on a clay soil at the Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station (Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt, during growing 2016 and 2017 seasons, to investigate the effect of foliar feeding by four concentrations of nano zinc fertilizer (distilled water {control}, 100 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 ppm) at three foliar application times (at the squaring stage, at the flowering initiation stage and at the top of flowering stage) on growth, yield components, yield and some fiber properties for the Egyptian cotton cv. Giza 94. The experimental design was split plot design with four replicates. The four concentrations of nano zinc fertilizer were randomly assigned for main plots and the three times of foliar application were randomly assigned for sub-plots. Results showed that, mean values of plant height (cm), No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plant, boll weight (g), seed index (g), lint percentage (%), seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm), fiber strength (g/tex), micronaire value and fiber maturity ratio were significantly increased with increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizer compared to plants receiving distilled water during the both seasons, cotton plants receiving the highest concentration of nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) gave the maximum mean values of above traits during the both seasons. Foliar feeding at the flowering initiation stage significantly achieved maximum estimates in mean values of plant height (cm), No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plant, seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm) and fiber strength (g/tex) followed by foliar feeding at the top of flowering stage then foliar feeding at the squaring stage during the both seasons. Cotton plants receiving the highest concentration of nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) at the flowering initiation stage significantly recorded the highest mean values of No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plant, seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm) and fiber strength (g/tex) during the both seasons, where this combination is the best treatment for good yield and fiber properties traits for Egyptian cotton cv. Giza 94 under the conditions of Kafr El-Sheikh location.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nano zinc concentration significantly increased cotton plant height, sympodial branches and opened bolls relative to distilled water in both seasons; 300 ppm gave the maximum means.
- Taxon
- Egyptian Cotton
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Gossypium barbadenset0 - Material
- Giza 94t0
- Treatment
- increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizere0
- Outcome
- plant height (cm), No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- during the both seasonse0
- Comparator
- plants receiving distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“mean values of plant height (cm), No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plant, boll weight (g), seed index (g), lint percentage (%), seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm), fiber strength (g/tex), micronaire value and fiber maturity ratio were significantly increased with increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizer compared to plants receiving distilled water during the both seasons, cotton plants receiving the highest concentration of nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) gave the maximum mean values of above traits during the both seasons.”
t0“Egyptian Cotton cv. Giza 94”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nano zinc significantly increased boll weight, seed index and lint percentage relative to distilled water in both seasons; 300 ppm gave the maximum means.
- Taxon
- Egyptian CottonGossypium barbadenset0
- Material
- Giza 94t0
- Treatment
- increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizere0
- Outcome
- boll weight (g), seed index (g), lint percentage (%)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- plants receiving distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“boll weight (g), seed index (g), lint percentage (%), seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm), fiber strength (g/tex), micronaire value and fiber maturity ratio were significantly increased with increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizer compared to plants receiving distilled water during the both seasons, cotton plants receiving the highest concentration of nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) gave the maximum mean values of above traits during the both seasons.”
t0“Egyptian Cotton cv. Giza 94”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nano zinc significantly increased seed and lint cotton yield relative to distilled water in both seasons; 300 ppm gave the maximum means.
- Taxon
- Egyptian CottonGossypium barbadenset0
- Material
- Giza 94t0
- Treatment
- increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizere0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- plants receiving distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm), fiber strength (g/tex), micronaire value and fiber maturity ratio were significantly increased with increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizer compared to plants receiving distilled water during the both seasons, cotton plants receiving the highest concentration of nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) gave the maximum mean values of above traits during the both seasons.”
t0“Egyptian Cotton cv. Giza 94”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nano zinc significantly increased upper half mean length, fiber strength and micronaire value relative to distilled water in both seasons; 300 ppm gave the maximum means.
- Taxon
- Egyptian CottonGossypium barbadenset0
- Material
- Giza 94t0
- Treatment
- increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizere0
- Outcome
- upper half mean length (mm), fiber strength (g/tex), micronaire valuee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- plants receiving distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“upper half mean length (mm), fiber strength (g/tex), micronaire value and fiber maturity ratio were significantly increased with increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizer compared to plants receiving distilled water during the both seasons, cotton plants receiving the highest concentration of nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) gave the maximum mean values of above traits during the both seasons.”
t0“Egyptian Cotton cv. Giza 94”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nano zinc significantly increased fiber maturity ratio relative to distilled water in both seasons; 300 ppm gave the maximum mean.
- Taxon
- Egyptian CottonGossypium barbadenset0
- Material
- Giza 94t0
- Treatment
- increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizere0
- Outcome
- fiber maturity ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- plants receiving distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fiber maturity ratio were significantly increased with increasing zinc concentration in the form of nano fertilizer compared to plants receiving distilled water during the both seasons, cotton plants receiving the highest concentration of nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) gave the maximum mean values of above traits during the both seasons.”
t0“Egyptian Cotton cv. Giza 94”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying at flowering initiation significantly maximized cotton plant height, sympodial branches and opened bolls compared with later flowering or squaring sprays.
- Taxon
- Egyptian CottonGossypium barbadenset0
- Material
- Giza 94t0
- Treatment
- Foliar feeding at the flowering initiation stagee0
- Outcome
- plant height (cm), No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plante0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- foliar feeding at the top of flowering stage then foliar feeding at the squaring stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar feeding at the flowering initiation stage significantly achieved maximum estimates in mean values of plant height (cm), No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plant, seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm) and fiber strength (g/tex) followed by foliar feeding at the top of flowering stage then foliar feeding at the squaring stage during the both seasons.”
t0“Egyptian Cotton cv. Giza 94”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying at flowering initiation significantly maximized seed and lint cotton yield compared with later flowering or squaring sprays.
- Taxon
- Egyptian CottonGossypium barbadenset0
- Material
- Giza 94t0
- Treatment
- Foliar feeding at the flowering initiation stagee0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken)e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- foliar feeding at the top of flowering stage then foliar feeding at the squaring stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar feeding at the flowering initiation stage significantly achieved maximum estimates in mean values of plant height (cm), No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plant, seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm) and fiber strength (g/tex) followed by foliar feeding at the top of flowering stage then foliar feeding at the squaring stage during the both seasons.”
t0“Egyptian Cotton cv. Giza 94”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying at flowering initiation significantly maximized upper half mean length and fiber strength compared with later flowering or squaring sprays.
- Taxon
- Egyptian CottonGossypium barbadenset0
- Material
- Giza 94t0
- Treatment
- Foliar feeding at the flowering initiation stagee0
- Outcome
- upper half mean length (mm) and fiber strength (g/tex)e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- foliar feeding at the top of flowering stage then foliar feeding at the squaring stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar feeding at the flowering initiation stage significantly achieved maximum estimates in mean values of plant height (cm), No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plant, seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm) and fiber strength (g/tex) followed by foliar feeding at the top of flowering stage then foliar feeding at the squaring stage during the both seasons.”
t0“Egyptian Cotton cv. Giza 94”
Claim · model-written summary
The 300 ppm nano zinc spray at flowering initiation gave the highest sympodial branches, opened bolls and seed cotton yield in both seasons.
- Taxon
- Egyptian CottonGossypium barbadenset0
- Material
- Giza 94t0
- Treatment
- nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) at the flowering initiation stagee0
- Outcome
- No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plant, seed cotton yield/fed (ken)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton plants receiving the highest concentration of nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) at the flowering initiation stage significantly recorded the highest mean values of No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plant, seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm) and fiber strength (g/tex) during the both seasons”
t0“Egyptian Cotton cv. Giza 94”
Claim · model-written summary
The 300 ppm nano zinc spray at flowering initiation gave the highest lint cotton yield, upper half mean length and fiber strength in both seasons.
- Taxon
- Egyptian CottonGossypium barbadenset0
- Material
- Giza 94t0
- Treatment
- nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) at the flowering initiation stagee0
- Outcome
- lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm) and fiber strength (g/tex)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton plants receiving the highest concentration of nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) at the flowering initiation stage significantly recorded the highest mean values of No. of sympodial branches/plant, No. of opened bolls/plant, seed cotton yield/fed (ken), lint cotton yield/fed (ken), upper half mean length (mm) and fiber strength (g/tex) during the both seasons”
t0“Egyptian Cotton cv. Giza 94”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 300 ppm nano zinc at flowering initiation for cotton yield and fiber properties under Kafr El-Sheikh conditions.
- Taxon
- Egyptian cottonGossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 94e0
- Treatment
- nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) at the flowering initiation stagee1
- Outcome
- good yield and fiber properties traitse0
- Setting
- Kafr El-Sheikh locatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this combination is the best treatment for good yield and fiber properties traits for Egyptian cotton cv. Giza 94 under the conditions of Kafr El-Sheikh location.”
e1“highest concentration of nano zinc fertilizer (300 ppm) at the flowering initiation stage”
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8 of 14 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.