Abstract
A 4-yr study was conducted comparing the efficacy and value of fungicide-only (FST), neonicotinoid insecticide + fungicide (NST), and diamide insecticide + fungicide (DST) seed treatments for commercial corn Zea mays L. and soybean Glycines max (L.) Merr. production in Ontario, Canada. Plant stand, plant vigor, above- and below-ground insect injury, and yield were assessed on 160 field-scale experiments. Experiments also assessed early-season insect incidence and abundance using newly legislated thresholds for NST use in Ontario and in-season destructive sampling. Wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) and white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae) were frequently observed at experimental sites; however, thresholds were rarely met and injury levels rarely led to yield loss. Of 129 and 31 corn and soybean sites, 8 and 6%, respectively, had a positive yield response to NST use. Across all sites, yield response of 0.1 and -0.05 Mg ha-1 was observed with NST use in corn and soybean, respectively; however, the costs associated with NST use were recovered at only 48 and 23% of corn and soybean sites, respectively, based on average grain prices and yields during the study. Infrequent incidence of economic injury and the absence of a consistent yield response to NST and DSTs throughout the 4 yr of the study indicate that widespread use of seed-applied insecticides in corn and soybean is unlikely to provide benefit to producers. These data highlight an opportunity for reducing input costs, environmental loading, and nontarget effects without adverse outcomes for Ontario producers.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Wireworms were frequently observed at the experimental sites.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Interactor
- Wirewormse0pest
- Outcome
- frequently observede0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) and white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae) were frequently observed at experimental sites”
t0“Corn and Soybean Production in Ontario, Canada”
Claim · model-written summary
White grubs were frequently observed at the experimental sites.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Interactor
- white grubse0pest
- Outcome
- frequently observede0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) and white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae) were frequently observed at experimental sites”
t0“Corn and Soybean Production in Ontario, Canada”
Claim · model-written summary
Pest thresholds were rarely met and injury rarely caused yield loss.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- injury levels rarely led to yield losse0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thresholds were rarely met and injury levels rarely led to yield loss”
t0“Corn and Soybean Production in Ontario, Canada”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight percent of corn sites had a positive yield response to NST.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- NST usee0
- Outcome
- positive yield responsee0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Value
- 8e0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of 129 and 31 corn and soybean sites, 8 and 6%, respectively, had a positive yield response to NST use.”
e1“neonicotinoid insecticide + fungicide (NST)”
t0“Corn and Soybean Production in Ontario, Canada”
Claim · model-written summary
Six percent of soybean sites had a positive yield response to NST.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- NST usee0
- Outcome
- positive yield responsee0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Value
- 6%e0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of 129 and 31 corn and soybean sites, 8 and 6%, respectively, had a positive yield response to NST use.”
t0“Corn and Soybean Production in Ontario, Canada”
Claim · model-written summary
Across corn sites, the yield response to NST was 0.1 Mg ha-1.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- NST usee0
- Outcome
- yield responsee0
- Value
- 0.1e0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield response of 0.1 and -0.05 Mg ha-1 was observed with NST use in corn and soybean, respectively”
t0“Ontario, Canada”
Claim · model-written summary
Across soybean sites, the yield response to NST was -0.05 Mg ha-1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- NST usee0
- Outcome
- yield responsee0
- Value
- -0.05 Mg ha-1e0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield response of 0.1 and -0.05 Mg ha-1 was observed with NST use in corn and soybean, respectively”
t0“Ontario, Canada”
Claim · model-written summary
NST costs were recovered at 48% of corn sites.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- costs associated with NST use were recoverede0
- Value
- 48e0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the costs associated with NST use were recovered at only 48 and 23% of corn and soybean sites, respectively”
t0“Ontario, Canada”
Claim · model-written summary
NST costs were recovered at 23% of soybean sites.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- costs associated with NST use were recoverede0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the costs associated with NST use were recovered at only 48 and 23% of corn and soybean sites, respectively”
t0“Ontario, Canada”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that widespread insecticide seed treatment in corn is unlikely to benefit producers.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- widespread use of seed-applied insecticides in corn and soybean is unlikely to provide benefit to producerse0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“widespread use of seed-applied insecticides in corn and soybean is unlikely to provide benefit to producers”
t0“Ontario, Canada”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that widespread insecticide seed treatment in soybean is unlikely to benefit producers.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- widespread use of seed-applied insecticides in corn and soybean is unlikely to provide benefit to producerse0
- Setting
- Ontario, Canadat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“widespread use of seed-applied insecticides in corn and soybean is unlikely to provide benefit to producers”
t0“Ontario, Canada”
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See all 109 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.