Abstract
This study investigated the effects of continuous light irradiation (30 μmol m2 s−1) on the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenolic compounds (TPC), phenolic acids, and their related enzyme activities in minimally processed spinach during 7 days of storage at 7°C. Compared with darkness, light irradiation induced a 68.57% increase in TPC by activating phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity by 68.07% and inhibiting polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities by 36.69% and 10.77%, respectively, after 7 days of storage. The increase in TPC might be attributed to the de novo synthesis of eight phenolic acids, because they were positively correlated (R = 0.895, p < .01). Both TPC and phenolic acids significantly contributed to TAC values that were notably improved by light irradiation during storage. In addition, light irradiation alleviated spinach chlorophyll deterioration, however it accelerated fresh weight loss by increasing stomatal conductance during storage. Practical applications Spinach is a leafy vegetable favored by consumers for its attractive sensory quality and health-promoting compounds. The quality and shelf life of fresh spinach are influenced by not only initial quality at harvest but also postharvest factors during the subsequent supply chain. Light irradiation, an unavoidable factor during the supply chain, significantly regulates the postharvest quality and senescence of fresh products. This study clearly demonstrated that continuous light irradiation could improve minimally processed spinach nutritional quality by inducing increases in total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compounds, and de novo synthesis of phenolic acids after 7 days of storage. In addition, light irradiation alleviated spinach chlorophyll deterioration. These original and innovative findings are expected to provide valuable information to processors and sellers to capture a larger market share and earn maximum profit.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Light increased spinach total phenolic compounds by 68.57% after seven days versus darkness.
- Taxon
- spinach
Spinacia oleraceat0 - Treatment
- light irradiatione0
- Outcome
- TPCe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 68.57%e0
- Qualifier
- after 7 days of storagee0
- Comparator
- darknesse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with darkness, light irradiation induced a 68.57% increase in TPC by activating phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity by 68.07% and inhibiting polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities by 36.69% and 10.77%, respectively, after 7 days of storage”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
Light raised spinach phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity by 68.07%.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Treatment
- light irradiatione0
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)e0
- Outcome
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activitye0
- Direction
- activatinge0
- Value
- 68.07%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“light irradiation induced a 68.57% increase in TPC by activating phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity by 68.07%”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
Light inhibited spinach polyphenol oxidase activity by 36.69%.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Gene
- polyphenol oxidase (PPO)e0
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidase (PPO)e0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
- Value
- 36.69%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibiting polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities by 36.69% and 10.77%, respectively”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
Light inhibited spinach peroxidase activity by 10.77%.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Gene
- peroxidase (POD)e0
- Outcome
- peroxidase (POD) activitiese0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
- Value
- 10.77%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibiting polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities by 36.69% and 10.77%, respectively”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased spinach TPC was positively correlated with de novo synthesis of eight phenolic acids.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Compound
- phenolic acidse0
- Outcome
- TPCe0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Value
- R = 0.895e0
- Qualifier
- p < .01e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in TPC might be attributed to the de novo synthesis of eight phenolic acids, because they were positively correlated (R = 0.895, p < .01)”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
TPC contributed significantly to spinach total antioxidant capacity.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Compound
- TPCe0
- Outcome
- TAC valuese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both TPC and phenolic acids significantly contributed to TAC values that were notably improved by light irradiation during storage”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic acids contributed significantly to spinach total antioxidant capacity.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Compound
- phenolic acidse0
- Outcome
- TAC valuese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both TPC and phenolic acids significantly contributed to TAC values that were notably improved by light irradiation during storage”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
Light notably improved spinach total antioxidant capacity during storage.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Treatment
- light irradiatione0
- Outcome
- TAC valuese0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TAC values that were notably improved by light irradiation during storage”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
Light accelerated spinach fresh weight loss during storage.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- light irradiatione0
- Outcome
- fresh weight losse0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
- Qualifier
- increasing stomatal conductancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“light irradiation alleviated spinach chlorophyll deterioration, however it accelerated fresh weight loss by increasing stomatal conductance during storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Light increased spinach stomatal conductance during storage.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it accelerated fresh weight loss by increasing stomatal conductance during storage”
t0“spinach”
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light · quality: postharvest · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
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radiation · quality: phytochemicals · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
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light · quality: phytochemicals · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
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5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.