Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted in a sandy soil at Um Saber village, Kom Hamada, (latitude of 30.52° N and longitude of 30.79° E), El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt, during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons to find out the optimal levels of phosphorus, boron and magnesium to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet. Sugar beet variety "Hamza" was sown. RCBD in a split-plot arrangement was used to lay out 27 treatments, represented the combinations of three phosphorus (P) levels (15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fed), three foliar levels of boron "B" (zero, 75 and 150 ppm) and three magnesium "Mg" levels (zero, 5 and 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/l). Raising P-level to 30 kg P2O5/fed considerably increased sucrose%, extracted sugar% (ES%), quality index (QI), sugar yield/fed in the 2nd season, as well as root diameter, root fresh weight/plant (RFW) and root yield/fed, while, sugar lost to molasses (SLM%) was markedly decreased. Increasing B-level to 150ppm appreciably increased RFW, sucrose%, ES%, QI, root and sugar yields/fed. Raising Mg-fertilizer level to 10 g/l sharply increased RFW, sucrose%, ES%, QI, root and sugar yields/fed in both seasons, while SLM% substantially reduced in the 2nd one. Effects of the significant interactions among phosphorus, boron and magnesium levels on the studied traits were discussed. Under the environmental conditions of this study, adding 30 kg P2O5/fed to the soil + spraying 150 ppm boron + spraying 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/l could be recommended to attain economical root and sugar yields/fed, as well as the best quality of sugar beet.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Raising phosphorus to 30 kg P2O5/fed increased sucrose, extracted sugar and quality index of sugar beet in the 2nd season, relative to the other P levels.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Treatment
- Raising P-level to 30 kg P2O5/fede1
- Outcome
- sucrose%, extracted sugar% (ES%), quality index (QI)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- in the 2nd seasone1
- Comparator
- 15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fede4
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e1“Raising P-level to 30 kg P2O5/fed considerably increased sucrose%, extracted sugar% (ES%), quality index (QI), sugar yield/fed in the 2nd season”
e4“three phosphorus (P) levels (15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fed)”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising phosphorus to 30 kg P2O5/fed increased sugar yield per feddan in the 2nd season, relative to the other P levels.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Raising P-level to 30 kg P2O5/fede1
- Outcome
- sugar yield/fede1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- in the 2nd seasone1
- Comparator
- 15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fede4
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e1“Raising P-level to 30 kg P2O5/fed considerably increased sucrose%, extracted sugar% (ES%), quality index (QI), sugar yield/fed in the 2nd season”
e4“three phosphorus (P) levels (15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fed)”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising phosphorus to 30 kg P2O5/fed increased root diameter, root fresh weight per plant and root yield per feddan of sugar beet.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Raising P-level to 30 kg P2O5/fede1
- Outcome
- root diameter, root fresh weight/plant (RFW) and root yield/fede2
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- 15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fede4
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e1“Raising P-level to 30 kg P2O5/fed considerably increased sucrose%, extracted sugar% (ES%), quality index (QI), sugar yield/fed in the 2nd season”
e2“as well as root diameter, root fresh weight/plant (RFW) and root yield/fed”
e4“three phosphorus (P) levels (15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fed)”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising phosphorus to 30 kg P2O5/fed markedly decreased sugar lost to molasses.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Raising P-level to 30 kg P2O5/fede1
- Outcome
- sugar lost to molasses (SLM%)e3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Comparator
- 15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fede4
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e1“Raising P-level to 30 kg P2O5/fed considerably increased sucrose%, extracted sugar% (ES%), quality index (QI), sugar yield/fed in the 2nd season”
e3“while, sugar lost to molasses (SLM%) was markedly decreased”
e4“three phosphorus (P) levels (15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fed)”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing boron to 150 ppm increased sucrose, extracted sugar and quality index of sugar beet.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Increasing B-level to 150ppme7
- Outcome
- sucrose%, ES%, QIe7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Comparator
- zero, 75 and 150 ppme6
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
e6“zero, 75 and 150 ppm”
e7“Increasing B-level to 150ppm appreciably increased RFW, sucrose%, ES%, QI, root and sugar yields/fed”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing boron to 150 ppm increased root fresh weight per plant of sugar beet.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Increasing B-level to 150ppme7
- Outcome
- RFWe7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Comparator
- zero, 75 and 150 ppme6
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
e6“zero, 75 and 150 ppm”
e7“Increasing B-level to 150ppm appreciably increased RFW, sucrose%, ES%, QI, root and sugar yields/fed”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing boron to 150 ppm increased root and sugar yields per feddan of sugar beet.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Increasing B-level to 150ppme7
- Outcome
- root and sugar yields/fede7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Comparator
- zero, 75 and 150 ppme6
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
e6“zero, 75 and 150 ppm”
e7“Increasing B-level to 150ppm appreciably increased RFW, sucrose%, ES%, QI, root and sugar yields/fed”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising magnesium to 10 g/l increased sucrose, extracted sugar and quality index of sugar beet in both seasons.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Raising Mg-fertilizer level to 10 g/le7
- Outcome
- sucrose%, ES%, QIe7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse7
- Comparator
- zero, 5 and 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/le6
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
e6“zero, 5 and 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/l”
e7“Raising Mg-fertilizer level to 10 g/l sharply increased RFW, sucrose%, ES%, QI, root and sugar yields/fed in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising magnesium to 10 g/l increased RFW of sugar beet in both seasons.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Raising Mg-fertilizer level to 10 g/le7
- Outcome
- RFWe7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse7
- Comparator
- zero, 5 and 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/le6
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
e6“zero, 5 and 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/l”
e7“Raising Mg-fertilizer level to 10 g/l sharply increased RFW, sucrose%, ES%, QI, root and sugar yields/fed in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising magnesium to 10 g/l increased root and sugar yields per feddan of sugar beet in both seasons.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Raising Mg-fertilizer level to 10 g/le7
- Outcome
- root and sugar yields/fede7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse7
- Comparator
- zero, 5 and 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/le6
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
e6“zero, 5 and 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/l”
e7“Raising Mg-fertilizer level to 10 g/l sharply increased RFW, sucrose%, ES%, QI, root and sugar yields/fed in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising magnesium to 10 g/l reduced sugar lost to molasses in the 2nd season.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Raising Mg-fertilizer level to 10 g/le7
- Outcome
- SLM%e4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Qualifier
- in the 2nd onee4
- Comparator
- zero, 5 and 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/le6
- Setting
- El-Beheira Governorate, Egypte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e5“El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt”
e6“zero, 5 and 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/l”
e7“Raising Mg-fertilizer level to 10 g/l sharply increased RFW, sucrose%, ES%, QI, root and sugar yields/fed in both seasons”
e4“while SLM% substantially reduced in the 2nd one”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding 30 kg P2O5/fed to the soil plus spraying 150 ppm boron and 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/l could be recommended for economical root and sugar yields and the best quality of sugar beet.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Outcome
- adding 30 kg P2O5/fed to the soil + spraying 150 ppm boron + spraying 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/le1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to get the highest yield and quality of sugar beet”
e1“adding 30 kg P2O5/fed to the soil + spraying 150 ppm boron + spraying 10 g MgSO4.7H2O/l could be recommended to attain economical root and sugar yields/fed”
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