Abstract
The present study pertains to the effect of salt stress on three ornamental shrubs of Clerodendrum inerme, Leucophyllum frutescens and Acalypha hispida and their suitability for salinity condition. Ten saline treatments were taken viz., 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54 dS/m and 0.04 dS/m (Control). The treatments were imposed by irrigating the plants with desired amount of NaCl dissolved in irrigation water. Plants were watered on alternate days (1 litre plant-1) to simulated salinity conditions as seen near coastal belt. The observations were recorded on physiological parameters and nutrient analysis (K, Na), Clerodendrum and Leucophyllum were tolerant to salinity. Leucophyllum and Clerodendrum experienced a strong reduction in growth and a delay in flowering but no toxicity symptoms or mortality was recorded. These species were found to be moderate NaCl accumulators. Acalypha was sensitive to salinity, as 50% of the plants exhibited mortality and the surviving ones experienced a heavy reduction of growth and increased accumulation of NaCl in the leaves. Physiological parameters of relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index which were found to decrease with increase in salt concentrations. Clerodendrum registered higher total chlorophyll content (SPAD value 56.73), membrane stability index (49.9 %) and Leucophyllum registered higher relative water content (70.13 %) at higher level of salt concentrations (54 dSm-1). At higher salt levels, the percentage of nutrient contents were recorded as the K+ concentration was found to be decreased with increasing levels of salt concentration. In the present investigation, Leucophyllum frutescens and Acalypha hispida were recorded as higher K+ content (1.05 and 1.02% respectively) in the leaf at higher salt levels followed by Clerodendrum inerme (0.94%).
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Clerodendrum was tolerant to salinity.
- Taxon
- Clerodendrum
Clerodendrume0 - Outcome
- tolerant to salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clerodendrum and Leucophyllum were tolerant to salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Leucophyllum was tolerant to salinity.
- Taxon
- Leucophyllum
Leucophyllume0 - Outcome
- tolerant to salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clerodendrum and Leucophyllum were tolerant to salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity strongly reduced Clerodendrum growth and delayed flowering without toxicity or mortality.
- Taxon
- Clerodendrum inerme
Volkameria inermise1 - Treatment
- salinitye2
- Outcome
- growth and a delay in floweringe0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leucophyllum and Clerodendrum experienced a strong reduction in growth and a delay in flowering but no toxicity symptoms or mortality was recorded”
e1“Clerodendrum inerme, Leucophyllum frutescens”
e2“Clerodendrum and Leucophyllum were tolerant to salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Acalypha was sensitive to salinity, with 50% mortality.
AcalyphaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Acalypha was sensitive to salinity, as 50% of the plants exhibited mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
Surviving Acalypha had heavy growth reduction under salinity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the surviving ones experienced a heavy reduction of growth and increased accumulation of NaCl in the leaves”
e1“Acalypha was sensitive to salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Surviving Acalypha accumulated more NaCl in leaves.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the surviving ones experienced a heavy reduction of growth and increased accumulation of NaCl in the leaves”
e1“Acalypha was sensitive to salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative water content and membrane stability index decreased with increasing salt concentration.
- Taxon
- Clerodendrum inerme, Leucophyllum frutescens and Acalypha hispidaVolkameria inermis
_Leucophyllum_frutescens.jpg?width=60)
Leucophyllum frutescens
Acalypha hispidae1 - Treatment
- salt concentrationse0
- Outcome
- relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability indexe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Leucophyllum_frutescens.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index which were found to decrease with increase in salt concentrations”
e1“Clerodendrum inerme, Leucophyllum frutescens and Acalypha hispida”
Claim · model-written summary
Clerodendrum had higher chlorophyll content, SPAD 56.73, at high salinity.
- Taxon
- ClerodendrumClerodendrume0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- SPAD value 56.73e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clerodendrum registered higher total chlorophyll content (SPAD value 56.73), membrane stability index (49.9 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Clerodendrum membrane stability index was 49.9% at high salinity.
- Taxon
- ClerodendrumClerodendrume0
- Outcome
- membrane stability indexe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 49.9 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clerodendrum registered higher total chlorophyll content (SPAD value 56.73), membrane stability index (49.9 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leucophyllum relative water content was higher, 70.13%, at high salinity.
- Taxon
- LeucophyllumLeucophyllume0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 70.13 %e0
- Qualifier
- 54 dSm-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leucophyllum registered higher relative water content (70.13 %) at higher level of salt concentrations (54 dSm-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf potassium concentration decreased with increasing salinity.
- Taxon
- Clerodendrum inerme, Leucophyllum frutescens and Acalypha hispidaVolkameria inermisLeucophyllum frutescensAcalypha hispidae1
- Treatment
- salt concentratione0
- Outcome
- K+ concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ concentration was found to be decreased with increasing levels of salt concentration”
e1“Clerodendrum inerme, Leucophyllum frutescens and Acalypha hispida”
Claim · model-written summary
Leucophyllum leaf potassium content was 1.05% at high salt levels.
- Taxon
- Leucophyllum frutescensLeucophyllum frutescense0
- Outcome
- K+ contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.05e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leucophyllum frutescens and Acalypha hispida were recorded as higher K+ content (1.05 and 1.02% respectively) in the leaf at higher salt levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Acalypha leaf potassium content was 1.02% at high salt levels.
- Taxon
- Acalypha hispidaAcalypha hispidae0
- Outcome
- K+ contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.02%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leucophyllum frutescens and Acalypha hispida were recorded as higher K+ content (1.05 and 1.02% respectively) in the leaf at higher salt levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Clerodendrum leaf potassium content was 0.94% at high salt levels.
- Taxon
- Clerodendrum inermeVolkameria inermise0
- Outcome
- K+ contente1
- Value
- 0.94%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by Clerodendrum inerme (0.94%)”
e1“K+ content (1.05 and 1.02% respectively) in the leaf at higher salt levels”