Abstract
Field experiment was carried out at Research Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) during Rabi seasons of 2013-14 and 2014-15 to study the effect of irrigation time and weed management practices on weed competition and growth, yield as well as economics of chickpea. Irrigation application before or after sowing of chickpea was observed equally effective for enhancing dry matter of chickpea, yield components viz., number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, seed and haulm yield as well as harvest index. Similarly, weed competition in terms of dry matter of weeds, weed control efficiency and weed index was remained unaltered due to irrigation applied before or after sowing of chickpea. Among weed management practices, hand weeding twice was the best treatment in controlling weeds and produced the highest seed yield, haulm yield, gross returns and net returns as well as B: C ratio. Among herbicides, oxyfluorfen 0.3 kg/ha as pre-emergence was found significantly superior over other herbicides in producing dry matter, yield attributes, seed and haulm yield of chickpea and recorded the highest weed control efficiency (WCE). It also gave the higher gross return, net return as well as benefit: cost ratio than rest of the treatments. The minimum yield (0.90 t/ha) and the maximum weed index (47.82%) was recorded under untreated control.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation before or after sowing was equally effective for enhancing dry matter of chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- Irrigation application before or after sowinge1
- Outcome
- dry matter of chickpeae1
- Direction
- equally effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e1“Irrigation application before or after sowing of chickpea was observed equally effective for enhancing dry matter of chickpea, yield components viz., number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, seed and haulm yield as well as harvest index”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation before or after sowing was equally effective for enhancing chickpea yield components.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Irrigation application before or after sowinge1
- Outcome
- yield components viz., number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weighte1
- Direction
- equally effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e1“Irrigation application before or after sowing of chickpea was observed equally effective for enhancing dry matter of chickpea, yield components viz., number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, seed and haulm yield as well as harvest index”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation before or after sowing was equally effective for enhancing chickpea seed yield, haulm yield and harvest index.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Irrigation application before or after sowinge1
- Outcome
- seed and haulm yield as well as harvest indexe1
- Direction
- equally effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e1“Irrigation application before or after sowing of chickpea was observed equally effective for enhancing dry matter of chickpea, yield components viz., number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, seed and haulm yield as well as harvest index”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation timing before or after sowing did not change weed dry matter, weed control efficiency or weed index.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation applied before or after sowinge2
- Interactor
- weedse2weed
- Outcome
- dry matter of weeds, weed control efficiency and weed indexe2
- Direction
- remained unalterede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e2“Similarly, weed competition in terms of dry matter of weeds, weed control efficiency and weed index was remained unaltered due to irrigation applied before or after sowing of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding twice was the best treatment for controlling weeds in chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- hand weeding twicee3
- Interactor
- weedse3weed
- Outcome
- controlling weedse3
- Direction
- beste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e3“Among weed management practices, hand weeding twice was the best treatment in controlling weeds and produced the highest seed yield, haulm yield, gross returns and net returns as well as B: C ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding twice produced the highest seed yield and haulm yield of chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- hand weeding twicee3
- Outcome
- seed yield, haulm yielde3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e3“Among weed management practices, hand weeding twice was the best treatment in controlling weeds and produced the highest seed yield, haulm yield, gross returns and net returns as well as B: C ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding twice gave the highest gross returns, net returns and B: C ratio.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- hand weeding twicee3
- Outcome
- gross returns and net returns as well as B: C ratioe3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e3“Among weed management practices, hand weeding twice was the best treatment in controlling weeds and produced the highest seed yield, haulm yield, gross returns and net returns as well as B: C ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen 0.3 kg/ha applied pre-emergence was significantly superior to other herbicides in dry matter, yield attributes, seed and haulm yield of chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfen 0.3 kg/ha as pre-emergencee4
- Outcome
- dry matter, yield attributes, seed and haulm yielde4
- Direction
- superiore4
- Comparator
- other herbicidese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e4“oxyfluorfen 0.3 kg/ha as pre-emergence was found significantly superior over other herbicides in producing dry matter, yield attributes, seed and haulm yield of chickpea and recorded the highest weed control efficiency (WCE)”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen 0.3 kg/ha applied pre-emergence gave the highest weed control efficiency in chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfen 0.3 kg/ha as pre-emergencee4
- Outcome
- weed control efficiency (WCE)e4
- Direction
- higheste4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e4“oxyfluorfen 0.3 kg/ha as pre-emergence was found significantly superior over other herbicides in producing dry matter, yield attributes, seed and haulm yield of chickpea and recorded the highest weed control efficiency (WCE)”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen 0.3 kg/ha applied pre-emergence gave higher gross return, net return and benefit: cost ratio than the rest of the treatments.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfen 0.3 kg/ha as pre-emergencee4
- Outcome
- gross return, net return as well as benefit: cost ratioe5
- Direction
- highere5
- Comparator
- rest of the treatmentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e4“oxyfluorfen 0.3 kg/ha as pre-emergence was found significantly superior over other herbicides in producing dry matter, yield attributes, seed and haulm yield of chickpea and recorded the highest weed control efficiency (WCE)”
e5“It also gave the higher gross return, net return as well as benefit: cost ratio than rest of the treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The minimum chickpea yield of 0.90 t/ha was recorded under untreated control.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- untreated controle6
- Outcome
- The minimum yielde6
- Value
- 0.90 t/hae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e6“The minimum yield (0.90 t/ha) and the maximum weed index (47.82%) was recorded under untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum weed index of 47.82% was recorded under untreated control.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- untreated controle6
- Outcome
- the maximum weed indexe6
- Value
- 47.82%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Irrigation time and weed management to enhance productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
e6“The minimum yield (0.90 t/ha) and the maximum weed index (47.82%) was recorded under untreated control”
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See all 124 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.