Abstract
Potassium (K) being the major limiting factor affecting cotton yield and quality has received massive research attention and the effects of various K fertilization techniques/organic amendments have been studied extensively. However, it is not clear whether the straw based, high pH biochar affects K availability, lint yield and quality of the cotton crop in alkaline calcareous soils. In the present study, we carried out a field experiment on a moderate to strongly calcareous silt loam soil to demonstrate the effect of straw-based biochar and potassium application levels on the growth, seed cotton yield and the lint quality. The experimental treatments comprised of two factors, A) biochar types i) Control no biochar, ii) Rice husk biochar (RHB), iii) Wheat straw biochar (WSB), and iv) Rice straw biochar (RSB), factor B) potassium application levels (i) control, no K fertilizer application, ii) K at 15 kg ha−1, and iii) K at 30 kg ha−1 (4 × 3 × 3, n = 36). Results showed that overall cotton growth and yield was significantly improved with increasing rates of potassium application. Three biochar sources affected seed cotton yield and quality with varying effects. For instance, the RSB increased plant height (11.71% to 22.47%), number of bolls per plant (0.74% to 13.75%), average boll weight (35.44% to 36.22%), the seed cotton yield was increased by 14.48% over the control when rice straw biochar was applied in combination with potassium at 30 kg ha−1. However, the ginning out turn (%) was declined with potassium application in combination with all three-biochar compared to control (no biochar addition). The WSB increased staple length and micronaire by 4.32% and 24.50% without potassium application. The potential effects of straw based biochar and potassium application on seed cotton yield and quality deserve further studies to identify the most suitable biochar as per soil chemical properties.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton growth and yield were significantly improved with increasing rates of potassium application.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- potassium applicatione0
- Outcome
- cotton growth and yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overall cotton growth and yield was significantly improved with increasing rates of potassium application”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw biochar (RSB) increased cotton plant height by 11.71% to 22.47%.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- RSBe0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11.71% to 22.47%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the RSB increased plant height (11.71% to 22.47%)”
t0“Gossypium hirsutum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw biochar (RSB) increased the number of bolls per cotton plant by 0.74% to 13.75%.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- RSBe0
- Outcome
- number of bolls per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.74% to 13.75%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the RSB increased plant height (11.71% to 22.47%), number of bolls per plant (0.74% to 13.75%)”
t0“Gossypium hirsutum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw biochar (RSB) increased average cotton boll weight by 35.44% to 36.22%.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- RSBe0
- Outcome
- average boll weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35.44% to 36.22%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the RSB increased plant height (11.71% to 22.47%), number of bolls per plant (0.74% to 13.75%), average boll weight (35.44% to 36.22%)”
t0“Gossypium hirsutum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed cotton yield increased by 14.48% over the control when rice straw biochar was applied together with potassium at 30 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- rice straw biochar was applied in combination with potassium at 30 kg ha−1e0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 14.48%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the seed cotton yield was increased by 14.48% over the control when rice straw biochar was applied in combination with potassium at 30 kg ha−1”
t0“Gossypium hirsutum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The ginning out turn of cotton declined with potassium application combined with each of the three biochars compared with the control without biochar.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- potassium application in combination with all three-biochare0
- Outcome
- ginning out turne0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Comparator
- control (no biochar addition)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ginning out turn (%) was declined with potassium application in combination with all three-biochar compared to control (no biochar addition)”
t0“Gossypium hirsutum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw biochar (WSB) increased cotton staple length by 4.32% without potassium application.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- WSBe0
- Outcome
- staple lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4.32%e0
- Qualifier
- without potassium applicatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The WSB increased staple length and micronaire by 4.32% and 24.50% without potassium application”
t0“Gossypium hirsutum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw biochar (WSB) increased cotton micronaire by 24.50% without potassium application.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- WSBe0
- Outcome
- micronairee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 24.50%e0
- Qualifier
- without potassium applicatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The WSB increased staple length and micronaire by 4.32% and 24.50% without potassium application”
t0“Gossypium hirsutum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The three biochar sources affected seed cotton yield and quality with varying effects.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Three biochar sourcese0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yield and qualitye0
- Direction
- varying effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three biochar sources affected seed cotton yield and quality with varying effects”
t0“Gossypium hirsutum L.”
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