Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is the most dangerous spike disease of wheat, and triazole fungicides are generally recommended for FHB control. Bacteria isolates obtained from wheat grain were identified as members of the genus Sphingomonas based on 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The degradation of propiconazole and trichothecenes was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Two field experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the biological treatment. All of the tested Sphingomonas isolates produced surfactin. Moreover, all strains were effective in degrading propiconazole and exhibited inhibitory effects on pathogens that cause FHB in wheat. Sphingomonas isolate S11 was selected for the field experiment because it inhibited the development of F. culmorum colonies in vitro by 48.80%, and degraded propiconazole in 15.13% after 48 h. The application of Sphingomonas S11 suspension during the growing season of winter wheat decreased the deoxynivalenol (DON) content of grain inoculated with F. culmorum more than 22-fold. Sphingomonas sp. strain S11 applied after fungicides also decreased the contamination of grain with fungi of the genus Fusarium and their mycotoxins. The analyzed bacteria can be potentially used to protect wheat against FHB pathogens, increase yields and improve grain quality by eliminating dangerous mycotoxins and propiconazole residues.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
All tested Sphingomonas isolates produced surfactin.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Interactor
- Sphingomonas
Sphingomonase0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- Sphingomonas isolates produced surfactine0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All of the tested Sphingomonas isolates produced surfactin.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
All strains degraded propiconazole.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- SphingomonasSphingomonase1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- degrading propiconazolee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all strains were effective in degrading propiconazole”
t0“Bacteria Associated with Winter Wheat Degrade Fusarium Mycotoxins and Triazole Fungicide Residues”
e1“All of the tested Sphingomonas isolates produced surfactin.”
Claim · model-written summary
All strains inhibited pathogens causing wheat FHB.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- pathogense0pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibitory effects on pathogens that cause FHBe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exhibited inhibitory effects on pathogens that cause FHB in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
S11 inhibited F. culmorum colony development by 48.80% in vitro.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- F. culmorum
.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium culmorume0pathogen - Second interactor
- Sphingomonas isolate S11e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- development of F. culmorum coloniese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 48.80%e0
- Setting
- in vitroe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Sphingomonas isolate S11 was selected for the field experiment because it inhibited the development of F. culmorum colonies in vitro by 48.80%”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
S11 degraded 15.13% of propiconazole after 48 h.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Sphingomonas isolate S11e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- propiconazolee0
- Direction
- degradede0
- Value
- 15.13%e0
- Qualifier
- after 48 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“degraded propiconazole in 15.13% after 48 h”
t0“Bacteria Associated with Winter Wheat Degrade Fusarium Mycotoxins and Triazole Fungicide Residues”
e1“Sphingomonas isolate S11 was selected for the field experiment because it inhibited the development of F. culmorum colonies in vitro by 48.80%”
Claim · model-written summary
S11 application reduced DON in inoculated winter wheat grain more than 22-fold.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- application of Sphingomonas S11 suspensione0
- Interactor
- F. culmorumFusarium culmorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Sphingomonas S11e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- deoxynivalenol (DON) content of graine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- more than 22-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of Sphingomonas S11 suspension during the growing season of winter wheat decreased the deoxynivalenol (DON) content of grain inoculated with F. culmorum more than 22-fold.”
Claim · model-written summary
S11 after fungicides reduced Fusarium contamination of grain.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Sphingomonas sp. strain S11 applied after fungicidese0
- Interactor
- fungi of the genus Fusariume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Sphingomonas sp. strain S11Sphingomonas sp.e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- contamination of grain with fungi of the genus Fusariume0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sphingomonas sp. strain S11 applied after fungicides also decreased the contamination of grain with fungi of the genus Fusarium and their mycotoxins.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
S11 after fungicides reduced mycotoxin contamination of grain.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Sphingomonas sp. strain S11 applied after fungicidese0
- Interactor
- fungi of the genus Fusariume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Sphingomonas sp. strain S11Sphingomonas sp.e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- their mycotoxinse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sphingomonas sp. strain S11 applied after fungicides also decreased the contamination of grain with fungi of the genus Fusarium and their mycotoxins.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
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