Abstract
Mixed application of controlled release urea (CRU) and normal urea (NU) are effective N fertilization plural to improve crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). In this study, field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years in 2018 and 2019 on two contrasting soil types. The treatments included one solely NU and four mixture ratios of CRU and NU under an identical N rate of 180 kg N ha -1 as single basal fertilizer before sowing. The results showed that the highest maize yields were obtained from the CRU30% treatment, increasing by 24% on sandy soil and 11% on clay soil as compared to CRU0% treatment. The yield improvements were mainly attributed to increased seed setting percentage and grain numbers per ear. Maize plants grown in CRU30% treatment accumulated more dry biomass (DM) and N uptake after silking, and thereby increasing grain yield and NUE. This work demonstrates that the appropriate mixture of CRU and NU increases maize yield and NUE while reducing N loss, by optimizing N fertilizer release and soil N availability to match the crop N demand, and 30%CRU and 70%NU was determined as the optimal mixture ratio on both sandy and clay soils in Northeast China.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
CRU30% increased maize yield by 24% on sandy soil relative to CRU0%.
- Treatment
- CRU30% treatmente0
- Outcome
- maize yieldse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 24%e0
- Comparator
- CRU0% treatmente0
- Setting
- sandy soile0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest maize yields were obtained from the CRU30% treatment, increasing by 24% on sandy soil and 11% on clay soil as compared to CRU0% treatment”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L)”
Claim · model-written summary
CRU30% increased maize yield by 11% on clay soil relative to CRU0%.
- Treatment
- CRU30% treatmente0
- Outcome
- maize yieldse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 11%e0
- Comparator
- CRU0% treatmente0
- Setting
- clay soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest maize yields were obtained from the CRU30% treatment, increasing by 24% on sandy soil and 11% on clay soil as compared to CRU0% treatment”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield improvement was attributed to increased seed setting and grain number per ear.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield improvements were mainly attributed to increased seed setting percentage and grain numbers per ear.”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L)”
Claim · model-written summary
CRU30% plants accumulated more dry biomass after silking.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize plants grown in CRU30% treatment accumulated more dry biomass (DM) and N uptake after silking”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L)”
Claim · model-written summary
CRU30% plants accumulated more nitrogen after silking.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize plants grown in CRU30% treatment accumulated more dry biomass (DM) and N uptake after silking”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L)”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixed urea application increased nitrogen use efficiency.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“appropriate mixture of CRU and NU increases maize yield and NUE while reducing N loss”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L)”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixed urea application reduced nitrogen loss.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“appropriate mixture of CRU and NU increases maize yield and NUE while reducing N loss”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors selected 30% CRU and 70% NU as the optimal mixture on sandy and clay soils in Northeast China.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“30%CRU and 70%NU was determined as the optimal mixture ratio on both sandy and clay soils in Northeast China”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L)”
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