Abstract
Light condition is one of the important factors affecting plant growth. During plant growth, light deficiency will result in the decrease in carbon fixation, photosynthetic efficiency, and leaf senescence acceleration, and thus decrease yield evidently. Besides yield, light also affect the rice qualities through influencing the seed compositions such as protein. Many studies have been carried out to evaluate the effect of light on protein synthesis. For example, previous studies have been certified that the protein accumulation is increased during the seed filling stage, as well as amino acids. The enzymes of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamic oxalo-acetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) are considered as the key enzymes regulating the synthesis of protein. Almost 95% of N was absorbed through GS/glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) cycle in plants and converted into glutamic acid (Glu) and glutamine (Gln). The Glu and Gln are then converted into other amino acids which provide the precursor materials for protein synthesis through the transamination reactions of GOT and GPT. However, researches about the effect of the activities of GS, GOT and GPT on amino acid and protein synthesis of rice are limited, especially under stress conditions such as low light.Based on previous studies, we carried out this experiment to evaluate the effect of low light on key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism and protein accumulation during the seed filling stage. The aims of this study were to study the dynamic changes of GS, GOT and GPT under different low light conditions during the seed filling stage, and evaluate the relationships between the activities of enzymes and protein accumulation.The experiment was initiated at Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China, in 2013. Four cultivars including japonica cultivars Akitakomachi and Koshihikari, indica cultivar IR72, and hybrid indica cultivar Gangyou 527 were selected as the materials. All the cultivars were managed routinely till the flowering stage, then 25% shading (A1) and 50% shading (A2), were set respectively as the treatments till maturity by using shade net, and natural condition was set as CK. Each treatment plot was repeated 3 times and the rice panicles which grown uniformly were marked for further sample collection. After 10 days of treatments, the seed samples were collected per 7-day period till maturity and stored in freezer at -80 ℃. After harvest, the samples were used to measure GS, GOT and GPT activities, as well as soluble protein, total protein and amino acid contents.Results showed that the GS activities were significantly decreased by 20.01%-30.52% at A2 than A1 (11.61%-19.36%) compared with CK, whereas, the activities of GOT and GPT increased significantly at A2 (GOT increased by 26.07%-36.82% and GPT increased by 26.07%-61.07%) than A1 (GOT increased by 14.02%-23.02% GPT increased by 11.81%-33.83%) compared with CK. In consistent with GOT and GPT, patterns of soluble protein, total protein, as well as amino acids were also significantly increased under low light conditions especially at A2 (compared with CK, soluble protein increased by 31.19%-70.51%, total protein increased by 16.02% 28.89%, and amino acids increased by 16.04%-22.48% at A2). The correlation analysis showed that GS activity was negatively correlated to soluble protein, total protein and amino acids under low light conditions, however, GOT and GPT showed positive correlations with soluble protein, total protein and amino acids.Based on the results, we speculated that the synthesis of protein of rice grain was more significantly affected by GOT and GPT which tended to increase the accumulation of both protein and amino acids, compared with GS. In addition, in consistent with previous studies, the low light conditions were beneficial for protein and amino acid synthesis of rice grain during the seed filling stage.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Glutamine synthetase activity decreased by 20.01%-30.52% under 50% shading (A2) compared with natural light.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- 50% shading (A2)e1
- Gene
- GSe2
- Outcome
- GS activitiese2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 20.01%-30.52%e2
- Comparator
- CKe2
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e1“then 25% shading (A1) and 50% shading (A2), were set respectively as the treatments till maturity by using shade net, and natural condition was set as CK”
e2“Results showed that the GS activities were significantly decreased by 20.01%-30.52% at A2 than A1 (11.61%-19.36%) compared with CK”
Claim · model-written summary
GOT activity increased by 26.07%-36.82% under A2 compared with CK.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- A2e3
- Gene
- GOTe3
- Outcome
- activitiese3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 26.07%-36.82%e3
- Comparator
- CKe3
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e1“then 25% shading (A1) and 50% shading (A2), were set respectively as the treatments till maturity by using shade net, and natural condition was set as CK”
e3“the activities of GOT and GPT increased significantly at A2 (GOT increased by 26.07%-36.82% and GPT increased by 26.07%-61.07%) than A1 (GOT increased by 14.02%-23.02% GPT increased by 11.81%-33.83%) compared with CK”
Claim · model-written summary
GPT activity increased by 26.07%-61.07% under A2 compared with CK.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- A2e3
- Gene
- GPTe3
- Outcome
- activitiese3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 26.07%-61.07%e3
- Comparator
- CKe3
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e3“the activities of GOT and GPT increased significantly at A2 (GOT increased by 26.07%-36.82% and GPT increased by 26.07%-61.07%) than A1 (GOT increased by 14.02%-23.02% GPT increased by 11.81%-33.83%) compared with CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble protein increased by 31.19%-70.51% under A2 compared with CK.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- A2e4
- Outcome
- soluble proteine4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 31.19%-70.51%e4
- Comparator
- CKe4
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e4“compared with CK, soluble protein increased by 31.19%-70.51%, total protein increased by 16.02% 28.89%, and amino acids increased by 16.04%-22.48% at A2”
Claim · model-written summary
Total protein increased by 16.02%-28.89% under A2 compared with CK.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- A2e4
- Outcome
- total proteine4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 16.02% 28.89%e4
- Comparator
- CKe4
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e4“compared with CK, soluble protein increased by 31.19%-70.51%, total protein increased by 16.02% 28.89%, and amino acids increased by 16.04%-22.48% at A2”
Claim · model-written summary
Amino acids increased by 16.04%-22.48% under A2 compared with CK.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- A2e4
- Outcome
- amino acidse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 16.04%-22.48%e4
- Comparator
- CKe4
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e4“compared with CK, soluble protein increased by 31.19%-70.51%, total protein increased by 16.02% 28.89%, and amino acids increased by 16.04%-22.48% at A2”
Claim · model-written summary
GS activity was negatively correlated with soluble protein, total protein and amino acids under low light.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- GSe5
- Outcome
- soluble protein, total protein and amino acidse5
- Direction
- negatively correlatede5
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e5“The correlation analysis showed that GS activity was negatively correlated to soluble protein, total protein and amino acids under low light conditions, however, GOT and GPT showed positive correlations with soluble protein, total protein and amino acids”
Claim · model-written summary
GOT and GPT activities were positively correlated with soluble protein, total protein and amino acids.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- GOT and GPTe5
- Outcome
- soluble protein, total protein and amino acidse5
- Direction
- positive correlationse5
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e5“The correlation analysis showed that GS activity was negatively correlated to soluble protein, total protein and amino acids under low light conditions, however, GOT and GPT showed positive correlations with soluble protein, total protein and amino acids”
Claim · model-written summary
GOT and GPT more strongly affected protein and amino acid accumulation in rice grain than GS, the authors speculate.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- GOT and GPTe6
- Outcome
- the accumulation of both protein and amino acidse6
- Qualifier
- compared with GSe6
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e6“we speculated that the synthesis of protein of rice grain was more significantly affected by GOT and GPT which tended to increase the accumulation of both protein and amino acids, compared with GS”
Claim · model-written summary
Low light was beneficial for protein and amino acid synthesis in rice grain during the seed filling stage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- seed filling stagee7
- Treatment
- low light conditionse7
- Outcome
- protein and amino acid synthesise7
- Direction
- beneficiale7
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice”
e7“the low light conditions were beneficial for protein and amino acid synthesis of rice grain during the seed filling stage”
The same questions in other papers
light · quality: protein · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.