Abstract
ABSTRACT Water deficit and high temperatures are abiotic factors that most limit plant growth and development. However, its effects depend on crop development stage and on stress duration and intensity. Thus, the objective of was to evaluate the development of cowpea subjected to water restriction in different phenological stages and to increase in air temperature. The experiment was conducted with the cultivar ‘Carijó’, in growth chambers, in a 4 x 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, corresponding to levels of water availability (25, 50, 75, and 100%,), phenological stages (vegetative, flowering and pod filling) and temperature regimes (T°1: 20-26-33 °C e T°2: 24.8-30.8-37.8 °C), respectively. Reduction of water availability in the vegetative and flowering stages caused decrease in grain production. The percentage of aborted flowers was higher in plants maintained under an increased temperature of +4.8 °C, with consequent reduction in grain production. Higher water availability values favored shoot and root dry mass production. Increase of 4.8 °C did not affect shoot and root dry mass but reduced water use efficiency by about 83%. The highest enzymatic activities of CAT, GPX and SOD were found in plants subjected to the temperature of +4.8 °C. Only APX showed lower enzymatic activity with increasing temperature. The cv. ‘Carijó’ is more sensitive to the 4.8 °C increase in air temperature than to water deficits.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced water availability during vegetative stage decreased grain production.
- Organ / stage
- vegetativee0
- Treatment
- Reduction of water availabilitye0
- Outcome
- grain productione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Reduction of water availability in the vegetative and flowering stages caused decrease in grain production.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced water availability during flowering decreased grain production.
- Organ / stage
- floweringe0
- Treatment
- Reduction of water availabilitye0
- Outcome
- grain productione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Reduction of water availability in the vegetative and flowering stages caused decrease in grain production.”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature increase of 4.8 °C raised the percentage of aborted flowers.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- increased temperature of +4.8 °Ce0
- Outcome
- percentage of aborted flowerse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The percentage of aborted flowers was higher in plants maintained under an increased temperature of +4.8 °C”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased temperature reduced grain production.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“with consequent reduction in grain production.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher water availability favored shoot and root dry mass production.
- Treatment
- Higher water availability valuese0
- Outcome
- shoot and root dry mass productione0
- Direction
- favorede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Higher water availability values favored shoot and root dry mass production.”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature increase of 4.8 °C did not affect shoot and root dry mass.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Increase of 4.8 °C did not affect shoot and root dry mass but reduced water use efficiency by about 83%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature increase of 4.8 °C reduced water use efficiency by about 83%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Increase of 4.8 °C did not affect shoot and root dry mass but reduced water use efficiency by about 83%.”
Claim · model-written summary
CAT, GPX and SOD activities were highest under 4.8 °C warming.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- temperature of +4.8 °Ce0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activities of CAT, GPX and SODe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest enzymatic activities of CAT, GPX and SOD were found in plants subjected to the temperature of +4.8 °C.”
Claim · model-written summary
APX activity was lower with increasing temperature.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Only APX showed lower enzymatic activity with increasing temperature.”
Claim · model-written summary
Carijó was more sensitive to increased temperature than to water deficits.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“The cv. ‘Carijó’ is more sensitive to the 4.8 °C increase in air temperature than to water deficits.”