Abstract
The aim of the present studies were to evaluate the effects of treatments with essential oil emulsion on the sanitary and physiological quality of creole corn seeds. In the studies were evaluated the essential oils of neem (Azadirachta indica), citronella (Cymbopogon nardus), lemon balm (Cymbopogon citratus), melissa (Melissa officinalis L.), and the combinations neem-citronella, neem-lemon balm, neem-melissa, citronella-lemon balm, citronella-melissa and lemon balm-melissa. The tests carried out were germination, length of seedlings (aerial part and root), dry mass and pathology for Fusarium sp and Aspergillus sp, in seeds of creole corn produced without the use of synthetic pesticides. The studies were carried out in vitro and consisted of the preparation of water emulsion, 5,000 ppm of essential oil and 1% of triton X100 and direct application on the seeds of creole corn, following the protocol of Rules of Seed Analysis (RSA). The results showed a significant decrease in the occurrence of fungi Fusarium sp and Aspergillus sp with treatment with essential oils of citronella, lemon balm and melissa, while the oil of neither reduced the occurrence of Fusarium sp, but increased the occurrence of Aspergillus sp in almost four times. All binary combinations of essential oils reduced the occurrence of both fungi. On the other hand, the physiological quality was strongly affected by the death of creole corn seeds, except for the treatment with lemon balm essential oil. Therefore, these studies allow to affirm that essential oils can be efficient in the control of pathogens, however they can kill the seeds of creole corn.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oils of citronella, lemon balm and melissa decreased the occurrence of Fusarium sp on corn seeds.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- essential oils of citronella, lemon balm and melissae1
- Outcome
- occurrencee1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Setting
- in vitroe6
FusariumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn seeds (Zea mays)”
e1“The results showed a significant decrease in the occurrence of fungi Fusarium sp and Aspergillus sp with treatment with essential oils of citronella, lemon balm and melissa”
e6“The studies were carried out in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oils of citronella, lemon balm and melissa decreased the occurrence of Aspergillus sp on corn seeds.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- essential oils of citronella, lemon balm and melissae1
- Interactor
- Aspergillus sp
Aspergilluse1pathogen - Outcome
- occurrencee1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Setting
- in vitroe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn seeds (Zea mays)”
e1“The results showed a significant decrease in the occurrence of fungi Fusarium sp and Aspergillus sp with treatment with essential oils of citronella, lemon balm and melissa”
e6“The studies were carried out in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
The oil of neither reduced the occurrence of Fusarium sp on corn seeds.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- occurrencee2
- Direction
- neither reducede2
- Setting
- in vitroe6
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn seeds (Zea mays)”
e2“while the oil of neither reduced the occurrence of Fusarium sp, but increased the occurrence of Aspergillus sp in almost four times”
e6“The studies were carried out in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
The oil of neither increased the occurrence of Aspergillus sp on corn seeds almost four times.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Aspergillus spAspergilluse2pathogen
- Outcome
- occurrencee2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- almost four timese2
- Setting
- in vitroe6
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn seeds (Zea mays)”
e2“while the oil of neither reduced the occurrence of Fusarium sp, but increased the occurrence of Aspergillus sp in almost four times”
e6“The studies were carried out in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
All binary combinations of essential oils reduced the occurrence of Fusarium sp on corn seeds.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- All binary combinations of essential oilse3
- Outcome
- occurrencee3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Setting
- in vitroe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn seeds (Zea mays)”
e1“The results showed a significant decrease in the occurrence of fungi Fusarium sp and Aspergillus sp with treatment with essential oils of citronella, lemon balm and melissa”
e3“All binary combinations of essential oils reduced the occurrence of both fungi”
e6“The studies were carried out in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
All binary combinations of essential oils reduced the occurrence of Aspergillus sp on corn seeds.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- All binary combinations of essential oilse3
- Interactor
- Aspergillus spAspergilluse1pathogen
- Outcome
- occurrencee3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Setting
- in vitroe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn seeds (Zea mays)”
e1“The results showed a significant decrease in the occurrence of fungi Fusarium sp and Aspergillus sp with treatment with essential oils of citronella, lemon balm and melissa”
e3“All binary combinations of essential oils reduced the occurrence of both fungi”
e6“The studies were carried out in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Emulsions of essential oils strongly reduced the physiological quality of creole corn seeds, by killing the seeds.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- treatments with essential oil emulsione0
- Outcome
- physiological qualitye4
- Qualifier
- by the death of creole corn seedse4
- Setting
- in vitroe6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn seeds (Zea mays)”
e0“The aim of the present studies were to evaluate the effects of treatments with essential oil emulsion on the sanitary and physiological quality of creole corn seeds”
e4“the physiological quality was strongly affected by the death of creole corn seeds, except for the treatment with lemon balm essential oil”
e6“The studies were carried out in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Lemon balm essential oil did not strongly reduce the physiological quality of creole corn seeds.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- lemon balm essential oile4
- Outcome
- physiological qualitye4
- Qualifier
- except for the treatment with lemon balm essential oile4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn seeds (Zea mays)”
e4“the physiological quality was strongly affected by the death of creole corn seeds, except for the treatment with lemon balm essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oils can be efficient in the control of pathogens of creole corn seeds.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- essential oilse5
- Outcome
- control of pathogense5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn seeds (Zea mays)”
e5“essential oils can be efficient in the control of pathogens, however they can kill the seeds of creole corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oils can kill the seeds of creole corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- essential oilse5
- Outcome
- kill the seeds of creole corne5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn seeds (Zea mays)”
e5“essential oils can be efficient in the control of pathogens, however they can kill the seeds of creole corn”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.